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N-acetyl-l-cysteine protects dental tissue stem cells against oxidative stress in vitro

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Abstract

Objectives

The aim of our study was to investigate whether N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) could protect stem cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) against oxidative damage, during in vitro cultivation, to preserve regenerative potential of these cells. Accordingly, we examined the potential of cell culture supplementation with NAC in prevention of lipid peroxidation, unfavorable changes of total lipids fatty acid composition, and the effects on the activity of antioxidant enzymes.

Material and methods

We analyzed the extent of oxidative damage in SHED after 48 h treatment with different NAC concentrations. Cellular lipid peroxidation was determined upon reaction with thiobarbituric acid. All enzyme activities were measured spectrophotometrically, based on published methods. Fatty acid methyl esters were analyzed by gas-liquid chromatography.

Results

Concentration of 0.1 mM NAC showed the most profound effects on SHED, significantly decreasing levels of lipid peroxidation in comparison to control. This dose also diminished the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Furthermore, NAC treatment significantly changed fatty acid composition of cells, reducing levels of oleic acid and monounsaturated fatty acids and increasing linoleic acid, n-6, and total polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) proportions.

Conclusion

Low dose of NAC significantly decreased lipid peroxidation and altered fatty acid composition towards increasing PUFA. The reduced oxidative damage of cellular lipids could be strongly related to improved SHED survival in vitro.

Clinical relevance

Low doses of antioxidants, applied during stem cells culturing and maintenance, could improve cellular characteristics in vitro. This is prerequisite for successful use of stem cells in various clinical applications.

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Funding

This work was supported by the Ministry of Education, Science, and Technological development Republic of Serbia, project grant nos. III41030 and OI175061.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Jasmina Martacic, Tamara Popovic, Aleksandra Arsic, Marija Takic, Vesna Vucic & Maria Glibetic

  2. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar oslobodjenja 18, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Milica Kovacevic Filipovic & Suncica Borozan

  3. Department of Hematology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, Vukova 9, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia

    Zorica Cvetkovic

  4. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr Subotića 8, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia

    Zorica Cvetkovic

Authors
  1. Jasmina Martacic
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  2. Milica Kovacevic Filipovic
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  4. Zorica Cvetkovic
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  7. Marija Takic
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  8. Vesna Vucic
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  9. Maria Glibetic
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Correspondence to Vesna Vucic.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Martacic, J., Filipovic, M.K., Borozan, S. et al. N-acetyl-l-cysteine protects dental tissue stem cells against oxidative stress in vitro. Clin Oral Invest 22, 2897–2903 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2377-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-018-2377-2

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