Abstract
Thromboelastography is a quantitative test widely used to measure the efficiency of blood clotting. However, awaiting the results of maximum amplitude (MA) is necessary for determining the need for platelet- and fibrinogen-containing products. A more rapid prediction of MA could facilitate faster preparation and administration of blood transfusion products, thereby resulting in coagulation improvement. In this retrospective study, we hypothesized that early amplitude at 10 min (A10) could be a predictor of MA. Therefore, we investigated whether MA can be rapidly inferred from thromboelastographic 6 s (TEG6s) measurements and evaluated its correlation with A10. We extracted TEG6s measurements obtained in operating rooms and intensive care units of our hospital between January 2018 and December 2022. The correlation of MA with display items of TEG6s results, including reaction time, kinetics, α angle, activated clotting time, and A10, was evaluated. The relationship between citrated rapid TEG (CRT)-A10 and CRT-MA, as well as between citrated functional fibrinogen (CFF)-A10 and CFF-MA, were evaluated if A10 and MA showed a good correlation. The results showed good correlations between CRT-A10 and CRT-MA, as well as between CFF-A10 and CFF-MA. Therefore, evaluating A10 using TEG6s could predict MA.
Data availability
The data that support the findings of this study are available on request from the corresponding author.
References
Hartmann M, Sucker C, Boehm O, Koch A, Loer S, Zacharowski K. Effects of cardiac surgery on hemostasis. Transfus Med Rev. 2006;20:230–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tmrv.2006.03.003.
Sniecinski RM, Chandler WL. Activation of the hemostatic system during cardiopulmonary bypass. Anesth Analg. 2011;113:1319–33. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e3182354b7e.
DeLoughery TG. Coagulation defects in trauma patients: etiology, recognition, and therapy. Crit Care Clin. 2004;20:13–24. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0749-0704(03)00089-7.
Haas T, Fries D, Tanaka KA, Asmis L, Curry NS, Schöchl H. Usefulness of standard plasma coagulation tests in the management of perioperative coagulopathic bleeding: is there any evidence? Br J Anaesth. 2015;114:217–24. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu303.
Kozek-Langenecker SA, Afshari A, Albaladejo P, Santullano CA, De Robertis E, Filipescu DC, Fries D, Görlinger K, Haas T, Imberger G, Jacob M, Lancé M, Llau J, Mallett S, Meier J, Rahe-Meyer N, Samama CM, Smith A, Solomon C, Van der Linden P, Wikkelsø AJ, Wouters P, Wyffels P. Management of severe perioperative bleeding: guidelines from the European Society of Anaesthesiology. Eur J Anaesthesiol. 2013;30:270–382. https://doi.org/10.1097/EJA.0b013e32835f4d5b.
American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management. Practice guidelines for perioperative blood management: an updated report by the American Society of Anesthesiologists Task Force on Perioperative Blood Management. Anesthesiology. 2015;122:241–75. https://doi.org/10.1097/aln.0000000000000463.
Dirkmann D, Görlinger K, Dusse F, Kottenberg E, Peters J. Early thromboelastometric variables reliably predict maximum clot firmness in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a step towards earlier decision making. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2013;57:594–603. https://doi.org/10.1111/aas.12040.
Royston D, von Kier S. Reduced haemostatic factor transfusion using heparinase-modified thrombelastography during cardiopulmonary bypass. Br J Anaesth. 2001;86:575–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/86.4.575.
Karkouti K, Callum J, Crowther MA, McCluskey SA, Pendergrast J, Tait G, Yau TM, Beattie WS. The relationship between fibrinogen levels after cardiopulmonary bypass and large volume red cell transfusion in cardiac surgery: an observational study. Anesth Analg. 2013;117:14–22. https://doi.org/10.1213/ANE.0b013e318292efa4.
Tamura T. Predicting results of fibrinogen and platelet levels by TEG6s during cardiopulmonary bypass: a pilot study. J Clin Anesth. 2019;58:59–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinane.2019.05.012.
Görlinger K, Dirkmann D, Hanke AA, Kamler M, Kottenberg E, Thielmann M, Jakob H, Peters J. First-line therapy with coagulation factor concentrates combined with point-of-care coagulation testing is associated with decreased allogeneic blood transfusion in cardiovascular surgery: a retrospective, single-center cohort study. Anesthesiology. 2011;115:1179–91. https://doi.org/10.1097/ALN.0b013e31823497dd.
Solomon C, Cadamuro J, Ziegler B, Schöchl H, Varvenne M, Sørensen B, Hochleitner G, Rahe-Meyer N. A comparison of fibrinogen measurement methods with fibrin clot elasticity assessed by thromboelastometry, before and after administration of fibrinogen concentrate in cardiac surgery patients. Transfusion. 2011;51:1695–706. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1537-2995.2011.03066.x.
Vigstedt M, Baksaas-Aasen K, Henriksen HH, Maegele M, Stanworth S, Juffermans NP, Kolstadbråten KM, Naess PA, Brohi K, Gaarder C, Stensballe J, Johansson PI. Thrombelastography (TEG® 6s) early amplitudes predict maximum amplitude in severely injured trauma patients. Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 2022;82:508–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/00365513.2022.2119599.
Tamura T, Suzuki S, Fujii T, Hirai T, Imaizumi T, Kubo Y, Shibata Y, Narita Y, Mutsuga M, Nishiwaki K. Thromboelastographic evaluation after cardiac surgery optimizes transfusion requirements in the intensive care unit: a single-center retrospective cohort study using an inverse probability weighting method. Gen Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11748-023-01941-8.
Collins PW, Solomon C, Sutor K, Crispin D, Hochleitner G, Rizoli S, Schöchl H, Schreiber M, Ranucci M. Theoretical modelling of fibrinogen supplementation with therapeutic plasma, cryoprecipitate, or fibrinogen concentrate. Br J Anaesth. 2014;113:585–95. https://doi.org/10.1093/bja/aeu086.
Lee SH, Lee SM, Kim CS, Cho HS, Lee JH, Lee CH, Kim E, Sung K, Solomon C, Kang J, Kim YR. Fibrinogen recovery and changes in fibrin-based clot firmness after cryoprecipitate administration in patients undergoing aortic surgery involving deep hypothermic circulatory arrest. Transfusion. 2014;54:1379–87. https://doi.org/10.1111/trf.12479.
Acknowledgements
We thank all the anesthesiology medical staff at Nagoya University Hospital for their assistance with this study.
Funding
This research did not receive any specific grants from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Contributions
Conceptualization: TT; methodology: TT, KN; formal analysis: TT, TY, KN; data curation: TT; writing—original draft: TT; writing—review and editing: TT, TY, KN.
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
Takahiro Tamura, Tatsuro Yokoyama, and Kimitoshi Nishiwaki have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Supplementary Information
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
About this article
Cite this article
Tamura, T., Yokoyama, T. & Nishiwaki, K. Amplitude at 10 min in thromboelastography predicts maximum amplitude: a single-center observational study. J Anesth 38, 136–140 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03301-5
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00540-023-03301-5