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The association of night shift work with the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study of 245,570 UK Biobank participants

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Abstract

Background

The purpose of this research was to investigate a possible link between night shift work and the development of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), as well as determine the contribution of night shift work, genetic susceptibility to AD.

Methods

This study was conducted using the UK Biobank database. 245,570 participants with a mean follow-up length of 13.1 years were included. A Cox proportional hazards model was used to investigate the link between night shift work and the development of all-cause dementia or AD.

Results

We counted a total of 1248 participants with all-cause dementia. In the final multivariable adjusted model, the risk of dementia was highest in always night shift workers (HR 1.465, 95% CI 1.058–2.028, P = 0.022), followed by irregular shift workers (HR 1.197, 95% CI 1.026–1.396, P = 0.023). AD events were recorded in 474 participants during the follow-up period. After final multivariate adjustment of model, always night shift workers remained at the highest risk (HR 2.031, 95% CI 1.269–3.250, P = 0.003). Moreover, always night shift workers were associated with a higher risk of AD in both low, intermediate and high AD-GRS groups.

Conclusions

Always night shift work had a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia and AD. Irregular shift workers had a higher risk of developing all-cause dementia than no shift workers. Always night shift work had a higher AD risk, regardless of whether they had a high, intermediate or low AD-GRS.

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Data availability

Data supporting the results of this study are available from UK Biobank and are used under license.

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Acknowledgements

We express our gratitude to the UK Biobank participants, the research and investigation team members, and the project development and management staff.

Funding

This study was funded by Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization (Grant No. 2021B1212040007).

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Author notes

  1. Yitong Ling, Shiqi Yuan and Xiaxuan Huang contributed equally to this study.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Yitong Ling, Shiqi Yuan, Xiaxuan Huang, Shanyuan Tan & Anding Xu

  2. Department of Clinical Research, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Tao Huang & Jun Lyu

  3. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Informatization, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China

    Jun Lyu

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Contributions

JL and AX conceptualised the research aims; YL, SY, XH, TH and ST participated in data analysis and interpretation; YL drafted the manuscript; SY and XH revised the manuscript; all authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Anding Xu or Jun Lyu.

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The UK Biobank study was approved by the Northwest Multi-centre Research Ethics Committee. The procedures used in this study adhere to the tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki.

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All participants agreed to participate and signed the informed consent.

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Ling, Y., Yuan, S., Huang, X. et al. The association of night shift work with the risk of all-cause dementia and Alzheimer's disease: a longitudinal study of 245,570 UK Biobank participants. J Neurol 270, 3499–3510 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-023-11672-8

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