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Aortic regurgitation is associated with African American and Asian race, smoking, renal disease, and numerous autoimmune diseases in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors but has lower risk with alcohol intake

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Abstract

Background

Aortic regurgitation (AR) is associated with increasing age, rheumatic heart disease, and a bicuspid aortic valve, but its association with other comorbidities and race is less known. The purpose of this study was to investigate any association between AR and comorbid conditions in older adults above 40.

Method

The large Nationwide Inpatient Sample database was utilized for our study using uni- and multivariate analysis. Data were extracted from available ICD-10 codes for the years of 2016–2020.

Results

The NIS data included 112,982,565 patients. A total of 660,730 were found to have AR. AR was found to be associated with male gender (OR 1.15, CI 1.14–1.16, P < 0.001), smoking (OR 1.04, CI 1.02–1.05, P < 0.001), hypertension (OR 1.65, CI 1.62–1.68, P < 0.001), hyperlipidemia (OR 1.36, CI 1.34–1.37, P < 0.001), chronic kidney disease (OR 1.22, CI 1.21–1.24, P < 0.001), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (OR 1.56, CI 1.33–1.83, P < 0.001), rheumatoid arthritis (OR 1.1, CI 1.06–1.14, P < 0.001), scleroderma (OR 1.49, CI 1.31–1.7, P < 0.001), systemic connective tissue disorders (OR 1.32, CI 1.25–1.4, P < 0.001), Raynaud’s syndrome (OR 1.62, CI 1.47–1.77, P < 0.001), and systemic lupus erythematosus (OR 1.44, CI 1.34–1.54, P < 0.001) in add to known bicuspid aortic valve.

Conclusion

Using a very large database, we found new associations between AR and many comorbid conditions, including many inflammatory and chronic degenerative diseases in addition to the known risk factors.

Graphical Abstract

Aortic regurgitation is associated with cardiovascular risk factors, race, and numerous autoimmune diseases.

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Data Availability

NIS database is publically available.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ, USA

    Brandon Timmerman, Mehrtash Hashemzadeh & Mohammad Reza Movahed

  2. University of Arizona Sarver Heart Center, College of Medicine, 1501 N. Campbell Ave., Tucson, AZ, USA

    Mohammad Reza Movahed

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Timmerman, B., Hashemzadeh, M. & Movahed, M.R. Aortic regurgitation is associated with African American and Asian race, smoking, renal disease, and numerous autoimmune diseases in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors but has lower risk with alcohol intake. Clin Res Cardiol (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-024-02424-3

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