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Involvement of cyclic electron flow in irradiance stress responding and its potential regulation of the mechanisms in Pyropia yezoensis

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Abstract

Pyropia yezoensis, belongs to the genus of Porphyra before 2011, inhabit on intertidal zone rocks where irradiation changes dramatically, implying that the seaweed has gained certain mechanisms to survive a harsh environment. Based on the photosynthetic parameters with or without the inhibitors determined by a Dual-PAM-100 apparatus, we investigated the photosynthetic performance and the changes in electron flow that occurred during the algae were stressed with different light intensities previously. When the irradiation saturation was approaching, the CEF around PS I became crucial since the addition of inhibitors usually led to an increase in non-photochemical quenching. The inhibitor experiments showed that there were at least three different CEF pathways in Py. yezoensis and these pathways compensated each other. In addition to maintaining a proper ratio of ATP/NAD(P)H to support efficient photosynthesis, the potential roles of CEF might also include the regulation of different photoprotective mechanisms in Py. yezoensis. Under the regulation of CEF, chlororespiration is thought to transport electrons from the reduced plastoquinone (PQ) pool to oxygen in order to mitigate the reduction in the electron transfer chain. When irradiation was up to the high-grade stress conditions, the relative value of CEF began to decrease, which implied that the NADP+ pool or PQ+ pool was very small and that the electrons were transferred from reduced PS I to oxygen. The scavenging enzymes might be activated and the water-water cycle probably became an effective means of removing the active oxygen produced by the irradiation stressed Py. yezoensis. We believe that the different mechanisms could make up the photoprotective network to allow Py. yezoensis for survival in a highly variable light stress habitat, which may enlighten scientists in future studies on irradiance stress in other algae species.

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Abbreviations

LEF:

linear electron flow

CEF:

cyclic electron flow

PAR:

photosynthetic active radiation

FNR:

ferredoxin: NADP+ reductase

NDH:

NAD(P)H dehydrogenase

PQ:

plastoquinone

Cyt bf :

the cytochrome b 6 f complex

Fd:

ferredoxin

Y(ND):

non-photochemical quantum yields of PS I caused by donor-side limitation

Y(NPQ):

quantum yield of regulated energy dissipation in PS II

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Jianfeng Niu  (牛建峰), Xiujun Xie  (解修俊), Shan Gao  (高山) & Guangce Wang  (王广策)

  2. College of Marine Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China

    Jianhua Feng  (冯建华)

  3. Nantong Branch, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nantong, 226006, China

    Jianfeng Niu  (牛建峰) & Guangce Wang  (王广策)

  4. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China

    Jianfeng Niu  (牛建峰), Xiujun Xie  (解修俊), Shan Gao  (高山) & Guangce Wang  (王广策)

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  1. Jianfeng Niu  (牛建峰)
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  2. Jianhua Feng  (冯建华)
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Correspondence to Guangce Wang  (王广策).

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Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41176134), the Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, the Prospective Joint Research Project of Jiangsu Province (No. BY2011188), the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) (No. 2011CB411908), and the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project (Nos. 201105023-8, 201105008-2)

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Niu, J., Feng, J., Xie, X. et al. Involvement of cyclic electron flow in irradiance stress responding and its potential regulation of the mechanisms in Pyropia yezoensis . Chin. J. Ocean. Limnol. 34, 730–739 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00343-016-4236-9

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