Abstract
This article suggests a historical institutional approach using the concepts of paradigm and political action repertoires applied to the field of rural development in France. Seven repertoires have been identified. These are connected to their emergence into the political arena after WW2, and pertain to three successive paradigms: the modernization of sectors and rural society, support to economic and social cohesion and, lastly, the growing importance of environmental issues. In particular, two repertoires are reflected in the modernization paradigm: agricultural development and land-use planning. The paradigm promoting economic and social cohesion underpins two of these repertoires: territorial development and regional development. Lastly, the current strengthening of demands for ‘greener’ public policy has led to the coexistence of two repertoires: environmental management and agroecology.
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Notes
From 1988 to 2000, EU investments were part of structural policy to promote economic and social cohesion in European rural areas and, since 2000, it has been part of the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP), with a view to making this policy more rural and thus taking responsibility for these areas’ environmental, economic, social and societal challenges. The European Union therefore has a twofold objective: foster socio-economic development in rural areas that are lagging behind the European average but also support local authorities in strengthening their power to act as well as local actors and powers’ ability to take part in the development process within a territorial governance system organised both in Europe and locally. Additionally, our choice to focus our analysis on France is motivated by the role of social movements placing rural issues on the agenda and by the diversity of measures implemented in France since the 1950s to territorialise rural development policy. These measures have considerably influenced European policies (Berriet-Solliec 2013).
Professional organisations’ representatives are the Committee of Professional Agricultural Organisations (COPA) at European level, and the Fédération national des syndicats des exploitants agricoles [National Federation of Agricultural Holders’ Union, FNSEA] and the Centre national des jeunes agriculteurs [National Centre for Young Farmers, CNJA] in France. The agricultural co-operatives’ representatives are the General Confederation of Agricultural Co-operatives (COGECA) at European level and the Confédération française de la co-operation agricole [French Confederation of Agricultural Co-operation, CFCA] in France.
Délégation à l'aménagement du territoire et à l'action régionale (Delegation for land use planning and regional action).
In response to feedback from rural elected officials who feel excluded from these schemes, the State has proposed creating ‘pôles d’excellent rurale’ [centres of rural excellence, PER] to support the dynamics of rural initiative and innovation. After two calls for projects, in 2007–2009 and then 2009–2011, the programme was cancelled.
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Laidin, C., Berriet-Solliec, M. Understanding rural development policies: a proposal for a typology of the seven main policy repertoires in Europe and locally, based on French case studies. Ann Reg Sci 71, 121–144 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-022-01183-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00168-022-01183-1