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Acid phosphatase gene GmHAD1 linked to low phosphorus tolerance in soybean, through fine mapping

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Abstract

Key message

Map-based cloning identified GmHAD1, a gene which encodes a HAD-like acid phosphatase, associated with soybean tolerance to low phosphorus stress.

Abstract

Phosphorus (P) deficiency in soils is a major limiting factor for crop growth worldwide. Plants may adapt to low phosphorus (LP) conditions via changes to root morphology, including the number, length, orientation, and branching of the principal root classes. To elucidate the genetic mechanisms for LP tolerance in soybean, quantitative trait loci (QTL) related to root morphology responses to LP were identified via hydroponic experiments. In total, we identified 14 major loci associated with these traits in a RIL population. The log-likelihood scores ranged from 2.81 to 7.43, explaining 4.23–13.98% of phenotypic variance. A major locus on chromosome 08, named qP8-2, was co-localized with an important P efficiency QTL (qPE8), containing phosphatase genes GmACP1 and GmACP2. Another major locus on chromosome 10 named qP10-2 explained 4.80–13.98% of the total phenotypic variance in root morphology. The qP10-2 contains GmHAD1, a gene which encodes an acid phosphatase. In the transgenic soybean hairy roots, GmHAD1 overexpression increased P efficiency by 8.4–16.5% relative to the control. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants had higher biomass than wild-type plants across both short- and long-term P reduction. These results suggest that GmHAD1, an acid phosphatase gene, improved the utilization of organic phosphate by soybean and Arabidopsis plants.

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Abbreviations

APA:

Acid phosphatase activity

cv.:

Cultivar

CIM:

Composite interval mapping method

LOD:

Log-likelihood

QTL:

Quantitative trait loci

RIL:

Recombinant inbred line

RAD-seq:

Restriction-site-associated DNA sequencing

SNP:

Single nucleotide polymorphism

MAS:

Marker-assisted selection

RSA:

Root system architecture

LP:

Low phosphorus

HAD:

Haloacid dehalogenase

ρ-NPP:

ρ-Nitrophenol phosphate

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFD0101500), the China Agricultural Research System (CARS-04-PS09) and the Research Project of the State Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Biological Resources Protection and Utilization in Subtropics.

Author contribution statement

Y.C., Q.M. and H.N. provided the soybean materials used in this study. Y.C., P.X., K.W. and Z.C. performed the experiments and date analyses. Q.X. and G.Z. performed QTL mapping. Z.C. and H.N. prepared the manuscript. H.N. planned, supervised and financed this work, as well as edited the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript to be published.

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  1. Zhandong Cai and Yanbo Cheng have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. The State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    Zhandong Cai, Yanbo Cheng, Peiqi Xian, Qibin Ma, Ke Wen & Hai Nian

  2. The Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Breeding of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China

    Zhandong Cai, Yanbo Cheng, Peiqi Xian, Qibin Ma, Ke Wen & Hai Nian

  3. The Guangdong Subcenter of the National Center for Soybean Improvement, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, People’s Republic of China

    Zhandong Cai, Yanbo Cheng, Peiqi Xian, Qibin Ma, Ke Wen & Hai Nian

  4. Beijing Genomics Institute (BGI)-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518086, People’s Republic of China

    Qiuju Xia & Gengyun Zhang

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  1. Zhandong Cai
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Cai, Z., Cheng, Y., Xian, P. et al. Acid phosphatase gene GmHAD1 linked to low phosphorus tolerance in soybean, through fine mapping. Theor Appl Genet 131, 1715–1728 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00122-018-3109-3

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