Abstract
Rising demand for energy and the fast decline of fossil resources associated with environmental issues anticipate renewable green sources. In this regard, electrochemical energy storage devices are considered the most acceptable alternative to store the gained renewable energies for the future. The supercapacitor is one of the emerging electrochemical energy storage devices getting the spotlight owing to outstanding attributes like superior power density, ultra-cycle life, and fast charging-discharging time. Due to these intriguing properties, their potential applications are witnessed in diverse fields, including hybrid electric vehicles, backup power systems, and artificial intelligence. Interestingly, the recent advent of new materials with flexible scaffolds has led to the entry of supercapacitors into wearable electronics. The wearable supercapacitors are effectively utilized to power implantable medical monitoring devices and smart textiles with electronic functions. The materials explored for wearable supercapacitors should possess flexibility, extensive storage capability, be lightweight, biocompatibility, high tolerance to mechanical stresses and temperature, self-healing capacity, etc. In addition, fabrication costs and preparation time must be reduced for full commercialization. To date, flexible solid-state supercapacitors have been designed in various forms with different approaches to meet such qualities. So, clear-cut knowledge is needed to develop an ideal wearable supercapacitor with integrated functionalities. Therefore, this chapter covers the basic design of wearable supercapacitors, working mechanisms, fundamentals, and engineering of electrolyte and electrode materials with multifunctionalities. Subsequently, a brief account of the latest advancement in advanced materials and their futuristic scope is discussed. Simultaneously, the practical difficulties and the strategies to be followed to overcome the issues for improving the practical utility of the devices are provided. Overall, this chapter might endow an unambiguous idea for future advances in wearable supercapacitors.
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Acknowledgments
The author, Dr.RKS would like to thank Tamil Nadu State Council for Higher Education (RGP/2019-20/BU/HECP-0008) and Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (No: 03(1421)/18/EMR-II) for the financial support.
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Ganeshbabu, M., Kalai Selvan, R. (2024). Wearable Supercapacitor. In: Gupta, R. (eds) Handbook of Energy Materials. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4480-1_53-1
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