Abstract
In this work, an optimized watermarking framework is proposed with the hybrid combination of two metaheuristic algorithms-firefly optimization and differential evolution, namely HFADE. The cover image is partitioned into 4 \( \times \) 4 subblocks, and the watermark is concealed in the slant domain using Quantized Index Modulation (QIM). The optimized thresholds obtained with HFADE used in quantization to improve imperceptibility and robustness. Peak Signal to noise ratio(PSNR) and Normalized Cross Correlation (NCC) are used for evaluation of the proposed watermarking scheme. The fitness function for HFADE is taken as the reciprocal of mean square error between the watermarked and cover image. Simulation outcomes convey that the proposed scheme maintains improved imperceptibility, and the watermark extracted from a seriously distorted image.
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Meenakshi, K., Swaraja, K., Kora, P., Karuna, G. (2022). A Robust Watermarking Using RDWT and Slant Transform Using Hybrid Firefly and Differential Evolution Optimization Algorithm. In: Kumar, A., Senatore, S., Gunjan, V.K. (eds) ICDSMLA 2020. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 783. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3690-5_79
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-3690-5_79
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