Abstract
Cyclosporine is a cyclic peptide with a selective immunosuppressive action. One of its 11 amino acids is a novel amino acid, (4R)-4-((E)-2-butenyl-4,N-dimethyl-L-threonine, the preparation of which allowed the synthesis of cyclosporine and specifically modified analogues. Structure-activity relationships emerging from the study of modified cyclosporins suggest that a large portion of the cyclosporine molecule is involved in interactions with its lymphocyte receptor and that this includes amino acids 1, 2, 3 and 11.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
For practical reasons it was previously proposed to define “cyclosporin” as the cyclic undeca-peptide with the structure of “cyclosporin A” (Wenger, R. M.: Chemistry of Cyclosporin, in: Cyclosporin A, (ed.) White, D. J. G., p. 19, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1982); Wenger, R. M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 67, 502 (1984)). Now that the USAN name “cyclosporine” has been accepted in the USA, this name will be adopted for the basic structure
Borel, J. F., Feurer, C., Gubler, H. U., Stähelin, H.: Agents Actions 6, 468 (1976)
Borel, J. F., Feurer, C., Magnée, C.: Immunology 31, 631 (1976)
Borel, J. F., Feurer, C., Magnée, C., Stähelin, H.: Immunology 32, 1017 (1977)
Borel, J. F., Wiesinger, D., Gubler, H. U.: Europ. J. Rheumatol. Inflammation 1, 97 (1978)
Wiesinger, D., Borel, J. F.: Immunobiol 156, 454 (1979)
Bueding, B. E., Hawkins, J., Cha, Y. N.: Agents Actions 11, 380 (1981)
Thommen-Scott, K.: Agents Actions 11, 770 (1981)
Morris, P. J.: Transplantation 32, 349 (1981)
Morris, P. J.: Advances in Surgery 17, 99 (1984)
Calne, R. J., White, D. J. G., Thiru, S., Evans, D. B., McMaster, P., Dunn, D. C., Craddock, G. N., Pentlow, D. B., Rolles, K.: Lancet ii, 1323 (1978)
Powles, R. L., Barrett, A. J., Clink, H., Kay, H. E. M., Sloane, J., McElwain, T. J.: Lancet ii, 1327 (1978)
Stiller, C. R. and Keown, P. A.: Cyclosporin therapy in perspective, in Progress in Transplantation, P. J. Morris and N. L. Tilney, ed., 1, 11 (1984)
Ruegger, A., Kuhn, M., Lichti, H., Loosli, H. R., Huguenin, R., Quiquerez, C., von Wartburg, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 59, 1072 (1976)
Dreyfuss, M., Harri, E., Hofmann, H., Kobel, H., Pache, W., Tscherter, H.: Eur. J. Appl. Microbiol. 3, 125 (1976). The producing organism which was originally identified as Tricho-derma polysporum is now classified as Tolypocladium inflatum Gams (see ref. 19)
Traber, R., Kuhn, M., Ruegger, A., Lichti, H., Loosli, H. R., von Wartburg, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 60, 1247 (1977)
Traber, R., Kuhn, M., Loosli, H. R., Pache, W., von Wartburg, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 60, 1568 (1977)
Traber, R., Loosli, H. R., Hofmann, H., Kuhn, M., von Wartburg, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 65, 1655 (1982)
Traber, R., Hofmann, H., Loosli, H. R., von Wartburg, A.: 24th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Washington D.C., 8–10 Oct. 1984, Poster presentation, Abstract No. 900; Helv. Chim. Acta (manuscript in preparation)
Kobel, H., Traber, R.: Europ. J. Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 14, 237 (1982)
Petcher, T. J., Weber, H. P., Ruegger, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 59, 1480 (1976)
Loosli, H. R., Kessler, H., Oschkinat, H., Weber, H. P., Petcher, T. J., Widmer, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 68, 682 (1985)
The new abbreviation is, in accordance with conventional practice, to be understood for an amino acid of the L-configuration. The Me represents the N-methylated residue of Bmt in the same way as MeLeu is used for N-methyl-L-leucine. Bmt is the abbreviation of (4R-4-((E)-2-butenyl)-4-methyl-L-threonine
Chou, P., Fasman, G. D.: J. Mol. Biol. 115, 135 (1977)
Smith, J. A., Pease, L. G.: CRC Critical Reviews in Biochemistry 8, 316 (1980)
Richardson, J. S.: Advances in Protein Chemistry 34, 167 (1981)
Kobel, H., Loosli, H. R., Voges, R.: Experientia 39, 873 (1983)
Zocher, R., Kleinkauf, H.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 81, 1162 (1978)
Zocher, R., Madry, N., Peeters, H., Kleinkauf, H.: Phytochemistry 23, 549 (1984)
Wood, A. J., Maurer, G., Niederberger, W., Beveridge, T.: Transplant. Proc. 15 (suppl. 1), 2409 (1983)
Maurer, G., Loosli, H. R., Schreier, E., Keller, B.: Drug Metabolism and Disposition 12, 120 (1984)
Wenger, R. M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 66, 2308 (1983)
Cahn, R. S., Ingold, Ch., Prelog, V.: Angew. Chem. 78, 413 (1966)
Cahn, R. S., Ingold, Ch., Prelog, V.: ibid Int. Ed. 5, 385 (1966)
Seebach, D., Hungerbühler, E.: Synthesis of enantiomerically pure compounds. Tartaric acid, an ideal source of chiral building blocks for synthesis, in: Modern Synthetic Methods, (ed.), Scheffold, R., Salle & Sauerlander, Frankfurt-Aarau, p. 93 (1980)
Seeley, D. A., McElwee, H.: J. Org. Chem. 38, 1691 (1973)
Herr, R. W., Wieland, D. M., Johnson, C. R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 3813 (1970)
Schlosser, M., Christmann, K. F.: Ann. Chem. 708, 1 (1967)
Pfitzner, K. E., Moffatt, J. G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 5670 (1965)
Wenger, R. M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 66, 2672 (1983)
Wenger, R. M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 67, 502 (1984)
McDermott, J. R., Benoiton, N. L.: Can. J. Chem. 51, 2551
McDermott, J. R., Benoiton, N. L.: Can. J. Chem. 51 and 2562 (1973)
Zaoral, M.: Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. 27, 1273 (1962)
König, W., Geiger, R.: Chem. Ber. 103, 788 (1970)
Castro, B., Dormoy, J. R., Evin, J. G., Selve, C.: Tetrahedron Leu, 14, 1219 (1975)
Wissmann, H., Kleiner, H. J.: Angew. Chem. 92, 129 (1980)
ibid Int. Ed. 92 p. 133 (1980)
Kovacs, J.: in The Peptides, Vol. 2 (ed.), Gross, E., Meienhofer, J., Academic Press, New York-London, 1980, p. 485.
Koponen, M., Grieder, A., Loor, F.: Exp. Cell Res. 140, 237 (1982)
Larsson, E.-L.: J. Immunol. 124, 2828 (1980)
Palacios, R.: J. Immunol. 128, 337 (1982)
Bunjes, D., Hardt, C., Rollinghoff, M., Wagner, H.: Eur. J. Immunol. 11, 657 (1981)
DosReis, G. A., Shevach, E. M.: J. Immunol. 129, 2360 (1982)
Miyawaki, T., Yachic, A., Ohzeki, S., Nagaoki, T., Taniguchi, N.: J. Immunol. 130, 2737 (1983)
Lillehoj, H. S., Malek, T. R., Shevach, E. M.: J. Immunol. 133, 244 (1984)
Bunjes, D., Hardt, C., Solbach, W., Deusch, K., Röllinghoff, M., Wagner, H.: Studies on the mechanism of action of cyclosporin A in the murine and human T-cell response in vitro, in: Cyclosporin A, (ed.), White, D. J. G., p. 261, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1982)
Andrus, L., Lafferty, K. J.: Scand. J. Immunol. 15, 449 (1982)
Morris, P. J., Mason, D. W., Hutchinson, I. V.: Transplant. Proc. 15, 2287 (1983)
Parker, D., Drossier, K., Turk, J. L.: Int. J. Immunopharmac. 6, 67 (1984)
Thomson, A. W., Moon, D. K., Nelson, D. S.: Clin. Exp. Immunol. 52, 599 (1983)
Thomson, A. W., Moon, D. K., Ingue, Y., Geczy, C., Nelson, D. S.: Immunol. 48, 301 (1983)
Cammisuli, S.: The effect of cyclosporin A on cell interactions within the immune system, in: Cyclosporin A (ed.) White, D. J. G., p. 243, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1982)
Paarvonen, T., Järveläinen, H., Kontiainen, S., Häyry, P.: Clin. Exp. Immunol. 43, 342 (1981)
Palacios, R.: Immunobiology 160, 321 (1981)
Leapman, S. B., Filo, R. S., Smith, E. J., Smith, P. G.: Transplant. Proc. 13, 405 (1981)
Hess, A. D., Tutschka, P. J., Santos, G. W.: The effect of cyclosporin A on T-lymphocyte subpopulations, in: Cyclosporin A (ed.) White, D. J. G., p. 209, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam (1982)
Kunkl, A., Klaus, G. G. B.: J. Immunol. 125, 2526 (1980)
Dongworth, D. W., Klaus, G. G. B.: Eur. J. Immunol. 12, 1018 (1982)
Klaus, G. G. B., Hawrylowicz, C. M.: Eur. J. Immunol. 14, 250 (1984)
Palacios, R.: J. Immunol. 128, 337 (1982)
Rosenstreich, D., Mizel, S. B.: J. Immunol. 123, 1749 (1979)
Bray, M. A.: Immunol. Today 1, 65 (1980)
Reinert, H., Loor, F.: unpublished results
Taylor, M. V., Metcalfe, J. C., Hesketh, T. R., Smith, G. A., Moore, J. P.: Nature 312, 462 (1984)
Berridge, M. J.: Biochem. J. 220, 345 (1984)
Kikkawa, U., Takai, Y., Tanaka, Y., Miyake, R. Nishizuka, Y.: J. Biol. Chem. 258, 11442 (1983)
Nishizuka, Y., Takai, Y., in: Protein Phosphorylation, Book A, (ed.) Rosen, O. M., Krebs, E. G., p. 237, Cold Spring Harbor Conferences on Cell Proliferation, Vol. 8 (1982)
Yamanishi, J., Takai, Y., Kaibuchi, K., Sano, K., Castagna, M., Nishizuka, Y.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 112, 778 (1983)
O’Flaherty, J. T., Schmitt, J. D., McCall, C. E., Wykle, R. L.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 123, 64 (1984)
Truneh, A., Albert, F., Goldstein, P., Schmitt-Verhulst, A.-M.: Nature 313, 318 (1985)
di Padova, F., Schreier, M.: submitted
Metcalfe, S.: Transplantation 38, 161 (1984)
Cohen, S.: in Biological Response Mediators and Modulators (ed.) August, J. T., p. 7, Academic Press, New York (1983)
Houslay, M. D., Heyworth, C. M.: Trends Biochem. Sci. 8, 449 (1983)
Kasuga, M., Karlsson, F. A., Kahn, C. R.: Science 215, 185 (1981)
Mroczkowski, B., Mosig, G., Cohen, S.: Nature 309, 270 (1984)
Fischer, S., Fargard, R., Gacon, G., Genetet, N., Piau, J. P., Blaineau, C.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 124, 682 (1984)
Hirata, F., Matsuda, K., Notsu, Y., Hattori, T., del Carmine, R.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 4717 (1984)
Hirata, F., Matsuda, K., Notsu, Y., Hattori, T., del Carmine, R.:J. Biol. Chem., 256 7730 (1981)
Djiane, J., Houdebine, L.-M., Kelly, P. A., Dusanter-Fourt, I., Teyssot, B., Katoh, M.: Prolactin receptors and intracellular mediator for prolactin action on the mammary cell, in: Hormones and Cell Regulation (ed.) Dumont, J. E., Nunez, J., Vol. 8, p. 269 (1984)
Peterkofsky, B., Tomkins, G. M.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 60, 222 (1968)
Munck, A.: J. Biol. Chem. 243, 1039 (1968)
Beato, M., Homoki, J., Sekeris, C. E.: Exp. Cell Res. 53, 107 (1969)
Karin, M., Haslinger, A., Holtgreve, H., Richards, R. I., Krauter, P., Westphal, H. M., Beato, M.: Nature 308, 513 (1984)
Clark, C. R.: Trends Biochem. Sci. 9, 207 (1984)
Ryffel, B., Donatsch, P., Götz, U., Tschopp, M.: Immunology 41, 913 (1980)
Ryffel, B., Götz, U., Heuberger, B.: J. Immunol. 129, 1978 (1982)
LeGrue, S. J., Friedman, A. W., Kahan, B. D.: J. Immunol. 131, 712 (1983)
Szamel, M., Berger, P., Resch, K.: Immunobiology 167, 208 (1984)
Schreier, M. H., Iscove, N. N., Tees, R., Aarden, L., von Boehmer, H.: Immunological Rev. 51, 315 (1980)
Fan, T.-P. D., Lewis, G. P.: Brit. J. Pharmacol. 81, 361 (1984); Dewald, B., Geyl, D., Schnyder, J.: unpublished results
Palacios, R.: J. Clin. Immunol. 2, 155 (1982)
Reinherz, E. L., Acuto, O., Fabbi, M., Bensussan, A., Milanese, C., Royer, H. D., Mener, S. C., Schlossman, S. F.: Immunol. Rev. 81, 95 (1984)
Bendtzen, K., Dinarello, C.: Scand. J. Immunol. 20, 43 (1984)
Handschumacher, R. E., Harding, M. W., Rice, J., Drugge, R. J., Speicher, D. W.: Science 226, 544 (1984)
Koponen, M., Loor, F.: Exp. Cell Res. 149, 499 (1983)
Russell, D. H., Matrisian, L., Kibler, R., Larson, D. F., Poulos, B., Magun, B. E.: Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 121, 899 (1984)
Russell, D. H., Larson, D. F., Cardon, S. B., Copeland, J. G.: Molec. Cell. Endocrinol. 35, 159 (1984)
Linzer, D. I. H., Nathans, D., Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 4255 (1984)
Lee, L. S., Weinstein, I. B.: Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 76, 5168 (1979)
Shoyab, M., DeLarco, J. E., Todaro, G. T.: Nature 279, 387 (1979)
Hess, A. D., Tutschka, P., Zhang, P., Santos, G. W.: J. Immunol. 128, 360 (1982)
Reem, G. G., Cook, L. A., Vilcek, J.: Science 221, 63 (1983)
Orosz, O. B., Roopenian, D. C., Widmer, M. B., Bach, F. H.: Transplantation 36, 706 (1984)
Krönke, M., Leonard, W. J., Depper, J. M., Arya, S. K., Worg-Staal, F., Gallo, R. O., Waldmann, T. A., Greene, W. O.: Froc. Nat. Acad. Sci. USA 81, 5214 (1984)
Elliott, G. F., Lin, Y., Mizel, S. B., Bleackley, R. C., Harnish, D. G., Paetkau, V.: Science 226, 1439 (1984)
Brack, C., Mattaj, I. W., Gautschi, J., Cammisuli, S.: Exp. Cell Res. 151, 314 (1984)
Horowitz, M., Baron, R., Mart, J., Andreoli, M., Vigrery, A.: Calcif. Tiss. Int. 36, 462 (1984)
Abb, J., Abb, H.: Transplant. Proc. 15, 2380 (1983)
Martinet, Y., Pinkston, P., Ozaki, T., Crystal, R.: Clinical Res. 32, 244 (1984)
Kaufmann, Y., Chang, A. E., Robb, R. J., Rosenberg, S. A.: J. Immunol. 132, 3107 (1984)
Carpenter, G., Cohen, S.: Trends Biochem. Sci. 9, 169 (1984)
Granner, D., Andreone, T., Sasaki, K., Beale, E.: Nature 305, 549 (1983)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Wenger, R.M., Payne, T.G., Schreier, M.H. (1986). Cyclosporine: Chemistry, Structure-Activity Relationships and Mode of Action. In: Metabolic Control in Diabetes Mellitus Beta Adrenoceptor Blocking Drugs NMR Analysis of Cancer Cells Immunoassay in the Clinical Laboratory Cyclosporine. Progress in Clinical Biochemistry and Medicine, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70998-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70998-2_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-71000-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-642-70998-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive