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Structure and Function of the Leukocyte Integrin αMβ2

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Integrins in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Biology of Extracellular Matrix ((BEM,volume 13))

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Abstract

The integrin αMβ2 (also known as CD11b/CD18, Mac-1, complement receptor 3) is expressed on the surface of leukocytes and mediates numerous responses of these cells critical to innate immunity. The αMβ2 receptor contributes to the recruitment, firm adhesion, and transendothelial migration of leukocytes at sites of vascular injury and facilitates tissue inflammation. Biochemical and cell-based studies have characterized the interactions of the αMβ2 integrin with diverse ligands including plasma protein fibrinogen, complement protein fragment iC3b, and the cell surface receptors platelet glycoprotein Ib (GPIb) and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1). The αMβ2 integrin exists in an inactive conformation and when activated by a variety of stimulae undergoes a structural change to an active form capable of binding to ligands with high affinity. Concurrently, allosteric changes occur upon ligand binding that result in “outside-in” cell signaling. Here we describe the αMβ2 protein structures and biophysical measurements that underpin the current understanding of diverse ligand recognition through the metal ion-dependent adhesion site (MIDAS).

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  1. Gregers Rom Andersen and Jonas Emsley contributed equally with all other contributors.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Universitetsbyen, Aarhus, Denmark

    Gregers Rom Andersen

  2. Biodiscovery Institute; School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK

    Jonas Emsley

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  1. Gregers Rom Andersen
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  2. Jonas Emsley
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Correspondence to Jonas Emsley .

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  1. Department of Biomedicine and Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Norwegian Centre of Excellence, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway

    Donald Gullberg

  2. University of Münster, Münster, Germany

    Johannes A. Eble

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Andersen, G.R., Emsley, J. (2023). Structure and Function of the Leukocyte Integrin αMβ2. In: Gullberg, D., Eble, J.A. (eds) Integrins in Health and Disease. Biology of Extracellular Matrix, vol 13. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23781-2_11

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