Abstract
Renin-Angiotensin System (RAS) is a vital system regulating blood pressure and maintaining sodium homeostasis in the human body. It consists of Angiotensin I (Ang I), Angiotensin II (Ang II), Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R), and angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R), which functions in both normal and pathological conditions including cancer. Besides, the effectors of RASĀ are also included, such as Angiotensin-(1-7). This review focuses on the pre-clinical studies and clinical trials assessing the roles of RAS in regulating tumor progression as well as the underlying mechanisms.
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Abbreviations
- ACE:
-
Angiotensin-converting enzyme
- Ang II:
-
Angiotensin II
- AT1R:
-
Angiotensin II type 1 receptor
- AT2R:
-
Angiotensin II type 2 receptor
- Ang (1-7):
-
Angiotensin 1-7
- MASR:
-
MAS Receptor
- ACE-2:
-
Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2
- VEGF:
-
Vascular endothelial growth factor
- EMT:
-
Epithelial mesenchymal transition
- MMPs:
-
Matrix metalloproteinases
- ECM:
-
Extracellular matrix
- ACE-Is:
-
ACE inhibitors
- ARBs:
-
AT1R blockers
- EC:
-
Endometrial cancer
- PC:
-
Prostate cancer
- PTK:
-
Protein tyrosine kinase
- ROS:
-
Reactive oxygen species
- AMPK:
-
AMP-activated protein kinase
- mTOR:
-
Mammalian target of rapamycin
- EGFR:
-
Epidermal growth factor receptor
- MAPK/STAT:
-
Mitogen-activated protein kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription
- PI3K/AKT:
-
Phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt
- RCC:
-
Renal cell carcinoma
- HCC:
-
Hepatocellular carcinoma
- CRC:
-
Colorectal cancer
- NSCLC:
-
Non-small cell lung cancer
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Acknowledgement
This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81973341 to Q.Q.).
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Su, J., Zou, Q., Li, S., Qi, Q. (2023). Renin-Angiotensin System and Cancer: From Laboratory to Clinics. In: Bhullar, S.K., Tappia, P.S., Dhalla, N.S. (eds) The Renin Angiotensin System in Cancer, Lung, Liver and Infectious Diseases. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23621-1_16
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