Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
General
Barch, M.J. (Ed.) 1991. The ACT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual, 2nd ed. Raven Press, New York.
Callan, H.G. 1986. Lampbrush Chromosomes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
Fukui, K., Nakayama, S. (Eds.). 1996. Plant chromosomes: Laboratory methods. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Gustafson, J.P., Appels, R. (Eds.) 1988. Chromosome Structure and Function: The Impact of New Concepts. 18th Stadler Genetics Symposium. Plenum Press, New York.
Jauhar, P. (Ed.). 1996. Methods of genome analysis in plants. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
Jones, K. 1978. Aspects of chromosome evolution in higher plants. In: Advances in Botanical Research, Vol. 6. Academic Press, New York.
Jones, R.N., Rees, H. 1982. B Chromosomes. Academic Press, New York.
Miller, O.J. 1995. The fifties and the renaissance in human and mammalian cytogenetics. Genetics 139: 489–494.
Sharma, A.K., Sharma, A. 1994. Chromosome Techniques—A Manual. Hardwood Academic Publisher, Langhorne, PA.
Sumner, A.T. 1990. Chromosome Banding. Unwin and Hyman, London.
Tsunewaki, T. (Ed.). 1996. Plant genome and plastome: their structure and evolution. Kodansha Scientific Ltd., Tokyo, Japan.
Section 6.1
Bennett, M.D., Smith, J.B., Seal, A.G. 1986. The karyotype of the grass Zingeria biebersteiniana (2n = 4) by light and electron microscopy. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 28: 554–562.
Brown, S.W. 1966. Heterochromatin (cytological observations). Science 151: 417–425.
Burns, J.A. 1966. The heterochromatin of two species of Nicotiana. J. Hered. 57: 43–47.
Carle, G.F., Olson, M.V. 1985. An electrophoretic karyotype for yeast. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 82: 3756–3760.
Christidis, L., Shaw, D.D., Schodde, R. 1991. Chromosomal evolution in parrots, lorikeets and cockatoos (Aves: Psittaciformes). Hereditas 114: 47–56.
Crosland, M.W.J., Crozier, R.H. 1986. Myrmecia pilosula, an ant with only one pair of chromosomes. Science 231: 1278.
Darlington, C.D., Lacour, L.F. 1940. Nucleic acid starvation of chromosomes in Trillium. J. Genet. 40: 185–213.
Gill, B.S., Sears, R.G. 1988. The current status of chromosome analysis in wheat. In: Chromosome Structure and Function, Impact of New Concepts (Gustafson, J.P., Appels, R., eds.). 18th Stadler Genetics Symp., Plenum Press, New York. pp. 299–321.
Johnson, M.A.T., Kenton, A.Y., Bennett, M.D., Brandham, P.E. 1989. Voanioala gerardii has the highest known chromosome number in the monocotyledons. Genome 32: 328–333.
Kamisugi, Y., Furuya, N., Iijima, K., Fukui, K. 1993. Computer-aided automatic identification of rice chromosomes by image parameters. Chromosome Res. 1: 189–196.
Levan, A., Fredga, K., Sandberg, A.A. 1964. Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas 52: 201–220.
Mills, D., Mccluskey, K. 1990. Electrophoretic karyotypes of fungi: the new cytology. Molec. Plant Microbe Int. 3: 351–357.
Ray-Chaudhuri, R., Sharma, T., Ray-Chaudhuri, S.P. 1969. A comparative study of the chromosomes of birds. Chromosoma 26: 148–168.
Van Der Ploeg, L.H.T., Smits, M., Ponnudurai, T., Vermoulen, A., Meuwissen, J.H.B.Th., Langley, G. 1985. Chromosome-sized DNA molecules of Plasmodium falciparum. Science 229: 658–661.
Watanabe, K., Carter, C.R., Smith-White, S. 1975. The cytology of Brachycome lineariloba. 5. Chromosome relationships and phylogeny of the race A cytodemes (n = 2). Chromosoma 52: 383–397.
Werner, J., Kota, R.S., Gill, B.S. 1992. Distribution of telomeric repeats and their role in the healing of broken chromosome ends in wheat. Genome 35: 844–848.
Section 6.2
Arnold, M. L. 1985. Patterns of evolution of highly repeated DNA from Caledia captiva. Ph.D. thesis, Australian National University, Canberra.
Bernardi, G. 1985. The mosaic genome of warm-blooded vertebrates. Science 228: 953–957.
Bianchi, M.S., Bianchi, N.O., Pantelias, G.E., Wolff, S. 1985. The mechanism and pattern of banding induced by restriction endonucleases in human chromosomes. Chromosoma 91: 131–136.
Bickmore, W.A., Sumner, A.T. 1989. Mammalian chromosome banding—an expression of genome organization. Trends in Genetics 5: 144–148.
Burkeholder, G. 1988. The analysis of chromosome organization by experimental manipulation. In: Chromosome Structure and Function, Impact of New Concepts (Gustafson, J.P., Appels, R., eds.). 18th Stadler Genetics Symp., Plenum Press, New York. pp. 1–52.
Drouin, R., Richer, C-L. 1989. High-resolution R-banding at the 1250-band level. II. Schematic representation and nomenclature of human RBG-banded chromosomes. Genome 32: 425–439.
Friebe, B., Gill, B.S. 1994. C band polymorphism and structural rearrangements detected in common wheat (Triticum aestivum). Euphytica 78: 1–5.
Gill, B.S., Friebe, B., Endo, T.R. 1991. Standard karyotype and nomenclature system for description of chromosome bands and structural aberrations in wheat. Genome 34: 830–839.
Gill, B.S., Kimber, G. 1974. Giemsa C-banding and the evolution of wheat. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71: 4086–4090.
Heitz, E. 1928. Des heterochromatin der moose. I. Jahrb. Wiss. Bot. 69: 762–818.
Hsu, T.C. 1973. Longitudinal differentiation of chromosomes. Annu. Rev. Genet. 7: 153–176.
John, B., Appels, R., Contreras, N. 1986. Population cytogenetics of Atractomorpha similis. IL Molecular characterisation of the distal C-band polymorphisms. Chromosoma 94: 45–58.
Koelfling, M., Miller, D.A., Miller, O.J. 1984. Restriction enzyme banding of mouse metaphase chromosomes. Chromosoma 90: 128–132.
Lacadena, J.R., Cerment, M.C., Orellana, J., Santos, J.L. 1984. Evidence for wheat-rye nucleolar competition (amphiplasty) in triticale by silver-staining procedure. Theoret. Appl. Genet. 67: 207–213.
Lozano, R., Sentis, C., Ferrandez-Piqueras, J., Jejon, M.R. 1991. in situ digestion of satellite DNA of Scilla siberica. Chromosoma 100: 439–442.
Rowley, J.D. 1974. Identification of human chromosomes. In: Human Chromosome Methodology (Yunis, J.J., ed.). Academic Press, New York. pp. 17–46.
Schmid, M., Steinlein, C. 1991. Chromosome banding in Amphibia. XVI. High resolution replication banding patterns in Xenopus laevis. Chromosoma 101: 123–132.
Schweizer, D. 1981. Counterstain-enhanced chromosome banding. Human Genet. 57: 1–14.
Torre, J., De Le, Mitchell, A.R., Sumner, A.T. 1991. Restriction endonuclease/nick translation of fixed mouse chromosomes: A study of factors affecting digestion of chromosomal DNA in situ. Chromosoma 100: 203–211.
Warburton, D., Henderson, A.S. 1979. Sequential silver staining and in situ hybridization on nucleolus organizing regions in human cells. Cytogenet. Cell. Genet. 24: 168–175.
Wolff, S., Perry, P. 1974. Differential Giemsa staining of sister chromatids and the study of sister chromatid exchanges without autoradiography. Chromosoma 48: 341–353.
Section 6.3
Gall, J.G. 1966. Lampbrush chromosomes. In: Methods in Cell Physiology, Vol. II (Prescott, D.M., ed.). Academic Press, New York. pp. 37–60.
Gall, J., Callan, H., Wu, Z., Murphy, C. 1991. Lampbrush chromosomes. Meth. Cell. Biol. 36: 150–166.
Pryor, A., Faulkner, K., Rhoades, M.M., Peacock, W.J. 1980. Asynchronous replication of heterochromatin in maize. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77: 6705–6709.
Sears, L.M.S., Lee-Chen, S. 1970. Cytogenetic studies in Arabidopsis thaliana. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 12: 217–223.
Solovei, I.V., Joffe, B.I., Gaginskaya, E.R., Macgregor, H.C. 1996. Transcription on lampbrush chromosomes of a centro-merically localized highly repeated DNA in pigeon (Columba) relates to sequence arrangement. Chromosome Res. 4: 588–603.
Thomas, J.B., Kaltsikes, P.J. 1974. A possible effect of heterochromatin on chromosome pairing. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71: 2787–2790.
Section 6.4
Berghella, L., Dimitri, P. 1996. The heterochromatic rolled gene of Drosophila melanogaster is extensively polytenized and transcriptionally active in the salivary gland chromocenter. Genetics 144: 117–125.
Lefevre, G. 1976. A photographic representation and interpretation of the polytene chromosomes of Drosophila melanogaster salivary glands. In: Genetics and Biology of Drosophila Vol. 1a (Ashburner, M., Novitski, E., eds.). Academic Press, New York. pp. 32–66.
Nagl, W. 1981. Polytene chromosomes of plants, giant chromosomes. Int. Rev. Cytol. 73: 21–53.
Stuart, J., Hatchett, J.H. 1988. Cytogenetics of the Hessian fly. I. Mitotic karyotype analysis and polytene chromosome correlations. J. Hered. 79: 184–189.
Zhang, P., Spradling, A.C. 1995. The Drosophila salivary gland chromocenter contains highly polytenized subdomains of mitotic heterochromatin. Genetics 139: 659–670.
Section 6.5
Brown, C.J., Ballabio, A., Rupert, J.L., Lafrenieve, R.G., Grompe, M., Tonlorenzi, R., Willard, H.F. 1991. A gene from the region of the human X inactivation centre is expressed exclusively from the inactive X chromosome. Nature 349: 38–44.
Capel, B., Swain, A., Nicolls, S., Hacker, A., Walter, M., Koopman, P., Goodfellow, P., Lovell-Badge, R. 1993. Circular transcripts of the testis-determining gene Sry in adult mouse testis. Cell 73: 1019–1030.
Charlesworth, B. 1991. The evolution of sex chromosomes. Science 251: 1030–1033.
Cirpercascu, D.D., Veuskens, J, Mouras, A., Ye, D., Briquet, M., Negrutiu, I. 1990. Karyotyping Melandrium album, a dioecious plant with heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Genome 33: 556–562.
Cline, T.W. 1993. The Drosophila sex determination signal. How do flies count to two? Trends Genet. 9: 385–390.
Disteche, C.M. 1995. Escape from X inactivation in human and mouse. Trends Genet. 11: 17–22.
Goodfellow, P.N., Lovell-Badge, R. 1993. SRY and sex determination in mammals. Annu. Rev. Genet. 27: 71–92.
Gorman, M., Baker, B.S. 1995. How flies make one equal two: dosage compensation in Drosophila. Trends Genet. 10: 376–380.
Koopman, P., Gubbay, J., Vivian, N., Goodfellow, P., Lovell-Badge, R. 1991. Male development of chromosomally female mice transgenic for Sry. Nature 351: 117–121.
Lyon, M.F. 1991. The quest for the X-inactivation center. Trends Genet. 7: 69–70.
Lyon, M.F. 1992. Some milestones in the history of X-chromosome inactivation. Annu. Rev. Genet. 26: 17–28.
Mckee, B.D., Handel, M.A. 1993. Sex chromosomes, recombination and chromatin conformation. Chromosoma 102: 71–80.
Migeon, B.R. 1994. X-chromosome inactivation: molecular and genetic consequences. Trends Genet. 10: 219–259.
Ogawa, A., Solovei, I., Hutchison, N., Saitoh, Y., Ikeda, J-E., Macgregor, H., Mizuno, S. 1997. Molecular characterization and cytological mapping of a non-repetitive DNA sequence region from the W chromosome of chicken and its use as a universal probe for sexing Carinatae birds. Chromosome Res. 5: 93–101.
Oostra, B.A., Venkerk, A.J.M.H. 1992. The fragile X syndrome: isolation of the FMR-1 gene and characterization of the fragile X mutation. Chromosoma 101: 381–387.
Riggs, A.D., Pfeifer, G.P. 1992. X-chromosome inactivation and cell memory. Trends Genet. 8: 169–174.
Schwartz, S., Depinet, T.W., Leana-Cox, J., Isada, N.B., Karson, E.M., Park, V.M., Pasztor, L.M., Sheppard, L.C., Stallard, R., Wolff, D.J., Zinn, A.B., Zurcher, V.L., Zackowski, J.L. 1997. Sex chromosome markers: characterization using fluorescence in situ hybridization and review of the literature. Am. J. Med. Genet. 71: 1–7.
Solari, A.J. 1989. Sex chromosome pairing and fertility in the heterogametic sex of mammals and birds. In: Fertility and Chromosome Pairing: Recent studies in plants and animals (Gillies, C.B., ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp. 77–107.
Zinn, A.W., Page, D.C., Fisher, E.M.C. 1993. Turner syndrome: the case of the missing sex chromosome. Trends Genet. 9: 90–93.
Section 6.6
Alfenito, M.R., Birchler, J.A. 1993. Molecular characterization of a maize B chromosome centric sequence. Genetics 135: 589–597.
Carlson, W., Roseman, R.R. 1992. A new property of the B chromosome of maize. Genetics 131: 211–223.
Friebe, B. 1989. Nucleolar activity of B chromosomes in Allium cernuum (Alliaceae). Plant Syst. Evol. 163: 87–92.
Ishak, B., Jaafar, H., Maetzad, J.L., Rumpler, Y. 1991. Absence of transcriptional activity of the B-chromosomes of Apodemus peninsulae during pachytene. Chromosoma 100: 278–281.
Jiménez, M.M., Romera, R., González-Sánchez, M., Puertas, M.J. 1997. Genetic control of the rate of transmission of rye B chromosomes. III. Male meiosis and gametogenesis. Heredity 78: 636–644.
Jones, R.N. 1995. B chromosomes in plants, Tansley Review No. 85. New Phytol. 131: 411–434.
López-Leon, M.D., Cabraso, J., Camacho, J.P.M. 1991. A nucleolus organizer region in a B chromosome inactivated by DNA methylation. Chromosoma 100: 134–138.
Nur, U., Warren, J.H., Eickbush, D.G., Burke, W.D., Eickbush, T.H. 1988. A “selfish” B chromosome that enhances its transmission by eliminating the paternal genome. Science 240: 512–514.
Ohta, S. 1991. Phylogenetic relationship of Aegilops mutica Boiss. with the diploid species of congeneric Aegilops-Triticum complex, based on the new method of genome analysis using its B-chromosomes. Mem. Coll. of Agricult.; Kyoto Univer. 137: 1–116.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Appels, R., Morris, R., Gill, B.S., May, C.E. (1998). Chromosome Morphology and Number. In: Chromosome Biology. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5409-7_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5409-7_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-7470-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-5409-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive