Abstract
Currently, public pay more attention to the adverse effect of organophosphate pesticides on human and animal health and on the environment in developing nations. Vitamin E may protect the hepatocyte and increase the function of liver. The study was to investigate the effects of phoxim-induced hepatotoxicity on Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and the protection of vitamin E. SD rats received by gavage 180 mg kg−1 (per body weight) of phoxim, 200 mg kg−1 (per body weight) of vitamin E, and phoxim + vitamin E. The results showed that exposure to phoxim elevated liver coefficient; glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, total bile acid, and alanine aminotransferase in the serum; ROS in the liver; and the expression of p53, Bax, CYP2E1, ROS, caspase-9, caspase-8, and caspase-3, while phoxim caused a reduction of total protein, albumin, and cholinesterase in the serum; acetylcholinesterase, total antioxidant capacity, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione in the liver; and the expression of Bcl-2. Vitamin E modified the phoxim-induced hepatotoxicity by reducing the GGT in the serum, malondialdehyde in the liver, and the expression of CYP2E1 significantly. There were no significant changes of globulin in the serum, the activity of catalase in the liver, as well as expression levels of Fas and Bad in the liver. Overall, subacute exposure to phoxim induced hepatic injury, oxidative stress damage, and cell apoptosis. Vitamin E modified phoxim-induced hepatotoxicity slightly. And, vitamin E minimized oxidative stress damage and ultrastructural changes in rat hepatocytes notably.
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The present study was supported by the National Key Research and Development Plan (2016YFD0501207), the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-36), and the National Basic Research Program (2012CB124703).
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This study was performed in strict accordance with the recommendations of the National Research Council Guide (1996), and all of the animal experimental procedures were approved by the Ethical and Animal Welfare Committee of Heilongjiang Province, China (2008).
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Zhang, J., Song, W., Sun, Y. et al. Effects of phoxim-induced hepatotoxicity on SD rats and the protection of vitamin E. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 24916–24927 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0104-1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0104-1