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Genetic and phenotypic diversity of natural American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K.) Cortés) accessions

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Abstract

Elaeis oleifera has become a valuable genetic resource for the production of interspecific hybrids of E. oleifera (H.B.K) Cortés × Elaeis guineensis Jacq. to address plant disease problems affecting oil palm cultivation. In this study, we evaluated the phenotypic and genetic diversity of accessions of E. oleifera from different countries in South America using morpho-agronomic traits and microsatellite markers (Simple Sequence Repeats, SSRs). Analyses of variance for yield and bunch components demonstrated statistically significant differences among countries and geographical regions for several of the traits evaluated. SSR marker analyses revealed high genetic diversity (H T  = 0.797) and the presence of specific alleles by each country of origin from E. oleifera. The clustering topology obtained showed four distinguishable E. oleifera groups, which matched the geographical distribution of the accessions and thus exhibited a high genetic differentiation (G ST  = 0.512) and a low gene flow N m  = 0.238 among countries. The results enabled us to demonstrate that E. oleifera has a specific genetic structure and a phenotypic variability with different characteristics between origins, and the accessions from each country of origin contributed to the increase in total genetic diversity. A core collection was defined based on the accuracy of the classification of individuals with respect to their country of origin. The information reported in this study will be of great interest to oil palm researchers because new strategies for breeding programs can be developed based on these advances.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Myriam Cristina Duque and Juan Bosco, researchers at the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), and Eloina Mesa for her assistance in the data analysis. The authors also wish to thank Leonardo Rey, Juan Hipólito, and Jorge Aldana. Cenipalma research is funded by the Oil Palm Development Fund (FFP), managed by Fedepalma. Finally, the authors would like to thank the reviewers of this journal for their corrections and kind help to improve this article.

Data archiving statement

The relevant raw data will be available to readers through the DRYAD repository. Accession numbers will be provided as soon as we obtain them.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Oil Palm Biology and Breeding Research Program, Colombian Oil Palm Research Center, Street 21 No. 42-55, Bogotá, Colombia

    Diana Arias, María González, Fausto Prada, Iván Ayala-Diaz, Carmenza Montoya, Edison Daza & Hernán Mauricio Romero

  2. Department of Biology, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia

    Hernán Mauricio Romero

Authors
  1. Diana Arias
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  2. María González
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  3. Fausto Prada
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  4. Iván Ayala-Diaz
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  5. Carmenza Montoya
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  6. Edison Daza
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  7. Hernán Mauricio Romero
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hernán Mauricio Romero.

Additional information

Communicated by W. Ratnam

This article is part of the Topical Collection on Germplasm Diversity

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Arias, D., González, M., Prada, F. et al. Genetic and phenotypic diversity of natural American oil palm (Elaeis oleifera (H.B.K.) Cortés) accessions. Tree Genetics & Genomes 11, 122 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-015-0946-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11295-015-0946-y

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