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Die jugendliche Drogenszene und sozialer Raum. Das Fallbeispiel New York in den 40er- und 50er-Jahren

The juvenile drug-scene and social space: The case of New York in the forties and fifties

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Jahrbuch Jugendforschung
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Zusammenfassung

Es ist weitgehend in Vergessenheit geraten, dass der jugendliche Drogenkonsum in der zweiten Hälfte des 20. Jahrhunderts seinen Ausgangspunkt nicht mit den ideologisierten Drogenkulturen der Beatniks und Hippies nahm. In den USA war der Gebrauch von illegalen Substanzen zunächst vielmehr ein Unterschichten-Phänomen: Cannabis- und Heroinkonsum waren zuerst Teil devianter Jugendkulturen der Unterschicht. Die Konsumenten rekrutieren sich dabei - vor allem in New York - aus den ethnischen Minderheiten Amerikas. Dieser Drogengebrauch war zudem mit der Suche nach sozialem Raum in einer stark von der hegemonialen Kultur besetzten Stadt verbunden. In der Befassung mit dem jugendlichen Konsum gelangten die USA bis zum Beginn der 60er Jahre zu sozialeren und humaneren Anschauungen über den Drogengebrauch auch der erwachsenen Abhängigen. Der Konsum von Narkotika wurde wieder als Krankheit, aber nicht als moralische Verfehlung interpretiert.

Abstract

It is almost forgotten that juvenile drug consumption did not start in the 20th Century with those ideologized drug cultures which can be characterized by keywords such as “beatniks” or “hippies”. Especially in the U.S. the illegal use of cannabis or heroin was at first linked with a subculture clearly supported by the juveniles of the urban lower class. In New York in particular consumers came from “coloured minorities”, mainly with African or Puerto Rican background. Drug consumption was also linked with patterns of social Space in a city, which was dominated by the sober hegemonial culture. In dealing with juvenile consumption the public opinion in the U.S. modified views of dependency even related to adult consumers. At the beginning of the sixties, narcotism was once again interpreted not as a sin but a disease.

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Hans Merkens Jürgen Zinnecker

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© 2005 VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften/GWV Fachverlage GmbH, Wiesbaden

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Briesen, D. (2005). Die jugendliche Drogenszene und sozialer Raum. Das Fallbeispiel New York in den 40er- und 50er-Jahren. In: Merkens, H., Zinnecker, J. (eds) Jahrbuch Jugendforschung. VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80800-4_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-80800-4_3

  • Publisher Name: VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften

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