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LC-MS/MS Determination of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables

  • Living reference work entry
  • First Online:
Bioactive Molecules in Food

Part of the book series: Reference Series in Phytochemistry ((RSP))

  • 556 Accesses

Abstract

A proper diet is commonly regarded as one of the most important factors determining one’s health. A key role in such a diet is played by unprocessed food of plant origin, mainly fruits and vegetables, as they contain many important dietary bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, carotenoids, fiber, antioxidants, several important vitamins, and minerals. Despite the nutritional benefit, they may also contain substances that adversely affect human health. Pesticides constitute a special group of contaminants as even small amounts of these substances can result in acute poisoning, lead to cancer, and have an adverse impact on the endocrine, immune, and nervous system. A considerable number of pesticides have a harmful effect already in low concentrations, within the range of μg kg−1 and below μg kg−1; hence, there is a great need for identifying and determining them by means of highly selective and sensitive methods. In the analysis of pesticide residue, similarly to the analysis of other food contaminants, there is a clear tendency to prepare multiresidue methods that enable monitoring a large number of compounds in a great number and variety of samples. Most multiresidue methods reported for fruits and vegetables in the last decade are based mostly on the use of liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which is the technique of choice for the majority of pesticides and their metabolites nowadays.

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Abbreviations

APCI:

Atmospheric pressure chemical ionization

API:

Atmospheric pressure ionization

ASE:

Accelerated solvent extraction

C18:

Octadecylated silica bounded stationary phase

C8:

Octasilyl silica bounded stationary phase

CHEMAC:

Conservative homogenizing extraction and multifunction adsorption cleanup

CID:

Collision-induced dissociation

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

dSPE:

Dispersive solid phase extraction

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

EU:

European union

GC:

Gas chromatography

GCB:

Graphitized carbon black

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer

GC-MS/MS:

Gas chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometer

HPLC:

High-performance liquid chromatography

HRMS:

High-resolution mass spectrometry

LC-MS:

Liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometer

LC-MS/MS:

Liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometer

LLE:

Liquid–liquid extraction

MAE:

Microwave-assisted extraction

MRL:

Maximum residue level

MRM:

Multiple reaction monitoring

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MSPD:

Matrix solid phase dispersion

MWCNTs:

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes

OPPs:

Organophospohorus pesticides

PSA:

Primary–secondary amine

Q:

Quadrupole

QQQ:

Triple quadrupoles

Q-TOF:

Quadrupole-time of flight

Q-Trap:

Quadrupole-linear ion trap

QuEChERS:

Quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, safe

SCAN:

Scan monitoring

SFE:

Supercritical-fluid extraction

SIM:

Selected ion monitoring

SPE:

Solid phase extraction

SPME:

Solid phase microextraction

SRM:

Selected reaction monitoring

STEMIT:

Single-tube extraction with multisorbent impurity trapping

SWCNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

TIC:

Total ion current

TOF:

Time of flight

UHPLC:

Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography

WHO:

World health organization

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Acknowledgments

Author gratefully acknowledges the use of the facilities and services of the Center for Interdisciplinary Research at The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Poland, co-funded by the European Union from the European Regional Development Fund in the frame of the Operational Programme Development of Eastern Poland 2007–2013 (POPW.01.03.00-06-003/09-00). This work was supported by the Polish National Science Centre via the research project DEC-2017/01/X/ST4/00722.I also acknowledge assistance in preparation of tables provided by Ms Agata Surma.

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  1. Laboratory of Separation and Spectroscopic Method Applications, Center for Interdisciplinary Research, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland

    Anna Stachniuk

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  1. Anna Stachniuk
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Correspondence to Anna Stachniuk .

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  1. Gr. d'Etude Subst. Vég. à Act. Biol, Institut des Sciences de la Vigne e Gr. d'Etude Subst. Vég. à Act. Biol, Villenave d'Ornon, France

    Jean-Michel Mérillon

  2. M.L. Sukhadia University , Badgaon, Rajasthan, India

    K.G. Ramawat

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Stachniuk, A. (2018). LC-MS/MS Determination of Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables. In: Mérillon, JM., Ramawat, K. (eds) Bioactive Molecules in Food. Reference Series in Phytochemistry. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_82-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54528-8_82-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-54528-8

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  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Chemistry and Mat. ScienceReference Module Physical and Materials ScienceReference Module Chemistry, Materials and Physics

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