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Medical Practice Variations in Joint Replacement in Patients with Osteoarthritis

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Medical Practice Variations

Part of the book series: Health Services Research ((HEALTHSR))

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Abstract

Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent of musculoskeletal disorders and the most widespread of all the forms of arthritis, commonly affecting the knee and hip joints. It is a progressive disease causing substantial functional limitation, disability, and morbidity thereby leading to a decreased HRQoL. Moreover, economic costs associated with OA are also substantially high. Total knee/hip arthroplasty (TKA/THA) is widely used for the surgical management of knee and hip OA. The majority of patients who have undergone TKA/THA report substantial improvement in pain and function. Although TKA/THA rates have been exponentially increasing each year, surgery rates vary greatly across the population and are not always consistent with clinical need. Literature documents significant age, gender, and racial/ethnic disparities in joint replacement utilization. Several patient-, provider-, and system-level factors have been identified as potential causes of these disparities. Thus, this chapter aims to provide a descriptive review of the literature on TKA/THA utilization. It examines the current burden of disease in OA, reports on past and present trends in joint replacement utilization, and discusses, in detail, the magnitude, nature, and potential causes of existing disparities in TKA/THA utilization.

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Ingleshwar, A., Suarez-Almazor, M.E. (2016). Medical Practice Variations in Joint Replacement in Patients with Osteoarthritis. In: Johnson, A., Stukel, T. (eds) Medical Practice Variations. Health Services Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-7603-1_84

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