Abstract
The fatigue performance of asphalt binder can be significantly increased by incorporating nanosilica, but due to the poor dispersion of nanosilica in asphalt, high mechanical energy is required to achieve good homogeneity. The viscosity of asphalt is nearly double when 3% nanosilica is added. Consequently, the mixing temperature of asphalt with aggregate is dozens of degrees higher to compensate for its high viscosity. To solve this problem, modification of nanosilica was introduced and the effects of its performance on asphalt are reported here. Several types of nanosilica at various dosages were modified and characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The properties of asphalt, such as viscosity, rutting, fatigue, softening point, penetration and ductility were investigated. The viscosity of asphalt with 3% modified nanosilica was 80% lower than that of the asphalt with unmodified nanosilica and a 20 °C reduction in temperature for mixing the asphalt binder with aggregate was achieved. Moreover, the rutting and fatigue performance of asphalt with modified nanosilica were significantly enhanced. The asphalt with modified nanosilica not only had lower viscosity but also has similar performance to asphalt with unmodified nanosilica. The asphalt with modified nanosilica had excellent performance and thus good practical application potential.
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Figure 1 shows the mechanism of surface-modification of nanosilica by silane coupling agents [1, 2] and Fig. 2 shows that the viscosity of asphalt was higher when either nanosilica or treated nanosilica is added [3]. The viscosity also increased with the content of silica added, regardless of its type. However, the viscosity of asphalt with modified nanosilica was comparable to that of virgin asphalt, which verified the purpose of surface modification.
Mechanism of surface-modification of nanosilica by silane coupling agents
Viscosity of different silica–asphalt mixes at 135 and 160 °C
The increase in viscosity caused by the nanosilica was more significant than with treated nanosilica [4, 5]. Table 1 lists the rheological properties of virgin asphalt (60/70), asphalt with nanosilica and asphalt with treated nanosilica. According to its performance grade (PG), virgin asphalt (60/70) can be classified as PG 64. The rutting parameter (G*/sin δ, at original) increased by 12% with the addition of 1% of Treated nanosilica and the PG of asphalt binder with 1% Treated nanosilica increased by one degree (PG 64 to PG 70). The fatigue parameter (G* × sin δ) of asphalt binder with 1% Treated nanosilica decreased by 7% and fatigue performance was enhanced. Compared with virgin asphalt, the asphalt with modified nanosilica not only showed a significant increase in rheological properties but also had a similar viscosity [6, 7].
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He, D. et al. (2023). Application of Surface-Modified Nanosilica for Performance Enhancement of Asphalt Pavement. In: Duan, W., Zhang, L., Shah, S.P. (eds) Nanotechnology in Construction for Circular Economy. NICOM 2022. Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, vol 356. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_31
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-3330-3_31
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