Rice Straw Biomass and Agricultural Residues as Strategic Bioenergy: Effects on the Environment and Economy Path with New Directions

Abstract

Bioenergy is energy produced from organic material of plant and animal sources, mainly agricultural residues, wood, energy crops, and organic wastes. Bioenergy is the most common renewable energy source globally, accounting for roughly 70% of all critical renewable energy sources. Since biomass is organic, it is one of the most dependable energy sources. Traditional biomass is used by about 2.5 billion people worldwide and about 1.3 million public, specifically children and women, every year prematurely die. Biological resources are agricultural residues, industrial waste, municipal solid waste, and terrestrial and aquatic crops grown only for energy purposes. Agricultural residues are an essential energy source, and rice is a chief crop in several emerging countries, especially Asia. Rice bran and rice straw, which are remnants of this crop, have a high potential for bioenergy production. The source of bioenergy is rice grass, lignocellulosic biomass, lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Rice straw is also used to generate electricity; the fundamental method is a thermochemical one that generates steam via direct combustion of biomaterials. This form, however, is highly undesirable due to the detrimental effects on the environment caused by the release of carbon dioxide and methane gas. Consequently, it is imperative to progress a method of extracting energy from rice straw to generate electricity. It is an excellent approach to dispose of rice straw and uses heat is helpful for power generation. Eventually, rice straw can be used in high-efficiency, energy production, and affordable agro-biometry to generate electricity and evaluate bioenergy and its impacts in the sense of the particular framework of which it is a part, as well as their direct and broader impacts on the environment and economy.