Abstract
Gastric cancer is the third leading cause of cancer mortality after lung and colorectal cancer and the fifth in incidence. Once gastric cancer is histologically diagnosed, the next important step is staging, which can determine the direction of the treatment approach (curative or palliative). In addition, survival and prognosis vary significantly depending on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis. Since the eighth Edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) Cancer Staging manual including the clinical stage and post-neoadjuvant stage has been released, clinicians have received improved guidance on treatment-decision making and prognostic information throughout the treatment course. Here, we will review the diagnosis, staging, and prognosis prediction in patients with gastric cancer.
Seon-Young Park is the lead author of this chapter.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lauren P. The two histological main types of gastric carcinoma: diffuse and so-called intestinal-type carcinoma. An attempt at a histo-clinical classification. Acta Pathol Microbiol Scand. 1965;64:31–49.
Smyth EC, Verheij M, Allum W, Cunningham D, Cervantes A, Arnold D. Gastric cancer: ESMO Clinical Practice Guidelines for diagnosis, treatment and follow-up. Ann Oncol. 2016;27:v38–49.
Amin MB, Greene FL, Edge SB, Compton CC, Gershenwald JE, Brookland RK, et al. The Eighth Edition AJCC Cancer Staging Manual: Continuing to build a bridge from a population-based to a more “personalized” approach to cancer staging. CA Cancer J Clin. 2017;67:93–9.
Hatta W, Gotoda T, Koike T, Masamune A. History and future perspectives in Japanese guidelines for endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer. Dig Endosc. 2020;32:180–90.
Mocellin S, Pasquali S. Diagnostic accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) for the preoperative locoregional staging of primary gastric cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;2015:Cd009944.
Smyth E, Schöder H, Strong VE, Capanu M, Kelsen DP, Coit DG, et al. A prospective evaluation of the utility of 2-deoxy-2-[(18) F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography and computed tomography in staging locally advanced gastric cancer. Cancer. 2012;118:5481–8.
Lehmann K, Eshmuminov D, Bauerfeind P, Gubler C, Veit-Haibach P, Weber A, et al. (18)FDG-PET-CT improves specificity of preoperative lymph-node staging in patients with intestinal but not diffuse-type esophagogastric adenocarcinoma. Eur J Surg Oncol. 2017;43:196–202.
Jamel S, Markar SR, Malietzis G, Acharya A, Athanasiou T, Hanna GB. Prognostic significance of peritoneal lavage cytology in staging gastric cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21:10–8.
In H, Ravetch E, Langdon-Embry M, Palis B, Ajani JA, Hofstetter WL, et al. The newly proposed clinical and post-neoadjuvant treatment staging classifications for gastric adenocarcinoma for the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging. Gastric Cancer. 2018;21:1–9.
Anonymous. American Joint Committee on Cancer. AJCC cancer staging manual. New York, NY: Springer International Publishing; 2017.
Bando E, Makuuchi R, Tokunaga M, Tanizawa Y, Kawamura T, Terashima M. Impact of clinical tumor-node-metastasis staging on survival in gastric carcinoma patients receiving surgery. Gastric Cancer. 2017;20:448–56.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2023 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Chun, H.J., Park, S.J., Lim, Y.J., Song, S.Y. (2023). Diagnosis, Staging, and Prognosis. In: Gastrointestinal Cancer. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0815-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-0815-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-99-0814-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-99-0815-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)