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Toward an Ecosystem Model of Hypospadiology

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Hypospadiology

Abstract

Hypospadias displays a variety of phenotypic presentations and is rising in incidence globally, but to date no definitive etiological cause has been identified. Genetic, environmental, and parental factors appear to be involved, and emerging evidence suggests that interaction between these factors likely contributes to the majority of cases (Hypospadias ecosystem). In part due to this complexity, current classification methods lack sensitivity, objectivity, and reproducibility. New hypospadias classification systems are therefore being introduced to overcome these limitations. Among these are the Glans-Urethral Meatus-Shaft (GMS) scoring system, which generates a more elaborate picture of the anatomical defects associated with hypospadias, and the urethral defect ration (UDR) - Abbas 2022 system which identifies the level of bifurcation in the corpus spongiosum to quantify urethral hypoplasia. While several patient-related variables either alone or in combination can affect hypospadias grading, these newly developed methods represent significant advances over traditional assessments of predictive risk factors. Active efforts are being made to further refine these tools for quantifying hypospadias risk factors in order to improve patient outcomes. (See Video 1.1).

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  1. Urology Division, Surgery Department, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar

    Tariq Abbas & Santiago Vallasciani

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Abbas, T., Vallasciani, S. (2023). Toward an Ecosystem Model of Hypospadiology. In: Abbas, T. (eds) Hypospadiology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7666-7_1

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