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DNA Technologies in Precision Medicine and Pharmacogenetics

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Precision Medicine in Clinical Practice

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Abstract

Pharmacogenes in the human genome include extensive functional genetic variations. Some individuals might show unpredictable side effects and even drug resistance. DNA technologies are allowed to clarify the profile of the human genome, which could result in enhanced drug treatments. Complete genomic variants (including PGx-related markers) for an individual would be available by utilizing the WGS technique. Improving WES accuracy and its cost makes it a usable molecular diagnostic tool for assessing genetic disorders and pharmacogenetic tests. Panel-based testing has a strong position in precision medicine. A comprehensive study of variation in the transcriptome profiles of pharmacologically relevant tissues promises to yield an essential understanding of the molecular basis of variation in drug response. Target-enrichment approaches provide rapid detection and analysis of common and rare genetic variations that affect response to therapeutic drugs or adverse effects. Single-cell sequencing translation applications in precision cancer treatment can improve cancer diagnosis, prognosis, targeted therapy, early detection, and noninvasive monitoring. DNA microarrays are commonly used to analyze changes in gene expression patterns across the genome to link genes or proteins to drug responses. In summary, DNA technologies provide possibilities for more pertinent genotype-based treatment modifications and a promising future for pharmacogenomics-guided medicine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Seyedeh Sedigheh Abedini & Niloofar Bazazzadegan

  2. Personalized Medicine Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mandana Hasanzad

  3. Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Mandana Hasanzad

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  1. Medical Genomics Research Center, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Mandana Hasanzad

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Abedini, S.S., Bazazzadegan, N., Hasanzad, M. (2022). DNA Technologies in Precision Medicine and Pharmacogenetics. In: Hasanzad, M. (eds) Precision Medicine in Clinical Practice. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-5082-7_8

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