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The Implication of Antimicrobial Peptides Against Bacteria and Their Clinical Aspects

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Alternatives to Antibiotics

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Abstract

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), also designated as the host’s protective peptide molecule, are short and usually positively charged peptides found extensively in life forms in this globe which range from microorganisms to humans. The continuous and rapid manifestation of multidrug-resistant bacteria is nowadays an alarming threat to human beings and becomes a global problem. In this scenario, AMPs have recently drawn substantial significance as impending preferences in respect to usual antibiotics having an undeniable wide range of antimicrobial activity. More than 3283 antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been acknowledged to date according to the antimicrobial peptide database (aps.unmc.edu), and among them (3036 AMPs) are directly acting in opposition against numerous bacteria. Several antimicrobial peptides have got an endorsement by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). About a few decades ago, such peptides have drawn considerable implications among scientists, health professionals, and pharmaceutical companies as therapeutics. Besides having antimicrobial efficacy, most AMPs even modulate the immunological synchronization of the host. Interestingly, the majority of AMPs are identified in soilborne gram-positive bacteria and the cutaneous secretion or body fluids of various animals. Furthermore, AMPs exhibit high selectivity, strong efficacy, decreased drug interaction, lower toxicity, and biological diversity. In this chapter, we provide an insight into the classification, biological role, mode of action, and clinical applications along with the prospects of antimicrobial peptides especially useful against bacteria.

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Abbreviations

AMPs:

Antimicrobial peptides

APD:

Antimicrobial peptide database

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharides

PAMP:

Pathogen-associated molecular patterns

STAMPs:

Selectively targeted AMPs

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Acknowledgments

We are thankful to the Dept. of Microbiology, Midnapore College (Autonomous), Midnapore and Dept. of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Midnapore College (Autonomous), Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Suhrid Ranjan Dutta

  2. Department of Microbiology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, India

    Keshab Chandra Mondal

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  1. Suhrid Ranjan Dutta
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  2. Keshab Chandra Mondal
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Correspondence to Keshab Chandra Mondal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Immunology and Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India

    Tilak Saha

  2. Department of Biotechnology, University of North Bengal, Siliguri, West Bengal, India

    Manab Deb Adhikari

  3. Department of Microbiology, North Bengal St. Xavier’s College, Rajganj, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India

    Bipransh Kumar Tiwary

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Dutta, S.R., Mondal, K.C. (2022). The Implication of Antimicrobial Peptides Against Bacteria and Their Clinical Aspects. In: Saha, T., Deb Adhikari, M., Tiwary, B.K. (eds) Alternatives to Antibiotics. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1854-4_19

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