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Machine Learning and Epilepsy

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Machine Learning in Biological Sciences

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Abstract

Epilepsy is a neurological disorder of the brain affecting both children and adult, due to excessive electrical discharges by some brain cells at different sites. Antiepileptic drugs and surgery are the available forms of treatment but seizure free life is the ultimate goal of therapy. Machine learning is enabling early, better and accurate diagnosis and hence enabling decision making in therapy and holds great promise in this field of biomedical research. We discuss in this chapter the different applications of machine learning in understanding the biomedical aspects of epilepsy.

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Abbreviations

ADNFLE:

Autosomal dominant nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy

AED:

Antiepileptic disease

AMPA:

α-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid

CAE:

Childhood absence epilepsy

CHD:

Chromodomain helicase DNA-binding

CNS:

Central nervous system

CV:

Cardiovascular disease

DEE:

Developmental epileptic encephalopathy

DRE:

Drug-resistant epilepsy

DS:

Dravet syndrome

ECoG:

Electrocorticography

EEG:

Electroencephalography

EHR:

Electronic health record

EIMFS:

Epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures

EKG:

Electrocardiography

fALFF:

Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation

FIRES:

Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome

FLE:

Frontal lobe epilepsy

fMRI:

Functional MRI

FS:

Febrile seizures

GABAR:

Gamma amino butyric acid

GAD:

Glutamic acid decarboxylase

GCPRs:

G protein coupled receptors

GEFS+:

Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus

GM:

Gray matter

GTCS:

Generalized tonic-clonic seizures

HFO:

High frequency oscillations

ILAE:

The International League Against Epilepsy

JME:

Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

kSVM:

Kernel support vector machine

MAE:

Myoclonic-astatic epilepsy

MCD:

Malformations of cortical development

mTOR:

Mammalian target of rapamycin pathway (mTOR) pathway

NLP:

Natural Language processing

rsfMRI:

Resting-state fMRI

SMEI:

Severe myoclonic epilepsy in infancy

T solium :

Taenia solium

TLE:

Temporal lobe epilepsy

VGKC:

Voltage-gated potassium channel

WHO:

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India

    Shyamasree Ghosh

  2. Heathcare, Data Core Systems, Philadelphia, PA, USA

    Rathi Dasgupta

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  1. Shyamasree Ghosh
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  2. Rathi Dasgupta
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Ghosh, S., Dasgupta, R. (2022). Machine Learning and Epilepsy. In: Machine Learning in Biological Sciences. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-8881-2_15

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