Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effect of Turbulence Model on the Hydrodynamics of Gas–solid Fluidized Bed

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Recent Trends in Fluid Dynamics Research

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering ((LNME))

  • 527 Accesses

Abstract

Fluidized bed reactors have been extensively employed in processing industries as it provides perfect mixing, efficient operation, and large heat and mass transfer rates. Understanding the particle–fluid interaction inside the bed is a significant parameter for the effective operation of the fluidized bed. This work aims to study the effect of the turbulence model on the mean solids volume fraction and mean flow field at different operating parameters (static bed height, inlet velocity). In the current numerical study, the unsteady multiphase simulations are performed in a three-dimensional fluidized bed (Gao et al. 2012) using the two-fluid model (TFM) with the kinetic theory of granular flow (KTGF) option. k-ℇ is selected to model the turbulence. Gidaspow, Syamlal and O’Brien and energy minimization multiscale (EMMS) drag models are considered for modeling the interphase momentum exchange coefficient. The three-dimensional models could capture the flow behavior inside the turbulent fluidized bed. The numerically predicted time-averaged solid volume fraction fits well with the experimental data at the center compared to the wall using the incorporation of EMMS drag with the k-ℇ turbulence model. Similar to the experiments, a dense region is observed with descending particles near the wall and the dilute region near the center portion of the bed. It can be noted that close numerical predictions can be obtained using the selection of an appropriate drag model and turbulence model.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 149.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 199.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

C1ε, C2ε, C3ε [-]:

Model constant

Cd[-]:

Drag coefficient

dp[m]:

Particle diameter

e[-]:

Restitution coefficient

g[m s-2]:

Acceleration due to gravity

g0[-]:

Radial distribution coefficient

H[m]:

Axial position

H0[m]:

Static bed height

I[-]:

Stress tensor

Jvis[W]:

Dissipation rate due to viscous damping

Jslip[W]:

Generation rate due to viscous damping

k[J kg-1]:

Turbulent kinetic energy

ks[kg m-1s-1]:

Diffusion coefficient for granular energy

P[Pa]:

Pressure

Rep[-]:

Reynolds number of particle

Ug[m s-1]:

Superficial gas velocity

u[m s-1]:

Velocity

α [-]:

Volume fraction

β [kg m-3s-1]:

Interphase momentum transfer coefficient

γ[kg m-1s-3]:

Collisional energy dissipation

λ[kg m-1s-1]:

Bulk viscosity

µ[kg m-1s-1]:

Shear viscosity

ρ[kg m-3]:

Density

τ [Pa]:

Stress tensor

Θ [m2s-2]:

Granular temperature

References

  1. Rüdisüli, M., Schildhauer, T.J., Biollaz, S.M.,van Ommen, J.R.J.P.T.: Scale-up of bubbling fluidized bed reactors—A review. Powder Technology 217, 21–38 (2012)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Daizo, K., Levenspiel, O.: Fluidization engineering, 2nd edn. Butterworth Publishers, United States (1991)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Drake, J.: Hydrodynamic characterization of 3D fluidized beds using noninvasive techniques. Graduate Theses and Dissertations. Iowa State University (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ellis, N., Bi, H.T., Lim, J., Grace, J.: Hydrodynamics of Turbulent Fluidized Beds of Different Diameters. Powder Technol. 141, 124–136 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Mostoufi, N., Chaouki, J.: Local Solid Mixing in Gas-Solid Fluidized Beds. Powder Technol. 114, 23–31 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Zhou, L., Zhang, L., Bai, L., Shi, W., Li, W., Wang, C., Agarwal, R.: Experimental study and transient CFD/DEM simulation in a fluidized bed based on different drag models. RSC Adv. 7(21), 12764–12774 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Gao, X., Wu, C., Cheng, Y.-W., Wang, L.-J., Li, X.: Experimental and numerical investigation of solid behavior in a gas–solid turbulent fluidized bed. Powder Technol. 228, 1–13 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Sau, D.C., Biswal, K.C.: Computational fluid dynamics and experimental study of the hydrodynamics of a gas–solid tapered fluidized bed. Appl. Math. Model. 35(5), 2265–2278 (2011)

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  9. Hamzehei, M.: CFD modeling and simulation of hydrodynamics in a fluidized bed dryer with experimental validation. International Scholarly Research Notices 2011, (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Chang, J., Wu, Z., Wang, X., Liu, W.: Two- and three-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling of a pseudo-2D turbulent fluidized bed with Geldart B particle. Powder Technol. 351, 159–168 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Wu, Y., Shi, X., Gao, J.,Lan, X.: A four-zone drag model based on cluster for simulating gas-solids flow in turbulent fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering and Processing—Process Intensification 155, 108056 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Taghipour, F., Ellis, N., Wong, C.: Experimental and computational study of gas–solid fluidized bed hydrodynamics. Chem. Eng. Sci. 60(24), 6857–6867 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Lundberg, J.,Halvorsen, B.M.: A review of some exsisting drag models describing the interaction between phases in a bubbling fluidized bed. Proc 49th Scandinavian Conference on Simulation and Modeling (SIMS 2008), pp. 7–8. Oslo, Norway (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Li, J., Kwauk, M.: Particle-Fluid Two-Phase Flow: the Energy-Minimization Multi-Scale Method. Metallurgical Industrial Press, Beijing (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Wang, B., Li, T., Sun, Q.-W., Ying, W.-Y., Fang, D.-Y.: Experimental Investigation on Solid Concentration in Gas-Solid Circulating Fluidized Bed for Methanol-to-Olefins Process. Int. J. Chem. Eng. 4(8), 494–500 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ullah, A., Jamil, I., Hamid, A., Hong, K.: EMMS mixture model with size distribution for two-fluid simulation of riser flows. Particuology 38, 165–173 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Shah, M.T., Utikar, R.P., Tade, M.O.,Pareek, V.K.J.C.E.J.: Hydrodynamics of an FCC riser using energy minimization multiscale drag model. Chem. Eng. J. 168 (2), 812–821 (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Shi, H., Komrakova, A., Nikrityuk, P.J.P.T.: Fluidized beds modeling: Validation of 2D and 3D simulations against experiments. Powder Technol. 343, 479–494 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Varghese, M.M., Vakamalla, T.R., Mantravadi, B., Mangadoddy, N.: Effect of Drag Models on the Numerical Simulations of Bubbling and Turbulent Fluidized Beds. Chem. Eng. Technol. 44(5), 865–874 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Anderson, T.B.,Jackson, R.: Fluid Mechanical Description of Fluidized Beds. Equations of Motion. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Fundamentals 6 (4), 527–539 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  21. Ishii, M.: Thermo-fluid dynamic theory of two-phase flow. Eyrolles, [Paris] (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Van der Hoef, M.A., Ye, M., Van Sint Annaland, M., Andrews, A.T., Sundaresan, S.,Kuipers, J.A.M.: Multiscale Modeling of Gas-Fluidized Beds. Academic Press (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Lun, C.K.K., Savage, S.B., Jeffrey, D.J., Chepurniy, N.: Kinetic theories for granular flow: inelastic particles in Couette flow and slightly inelastic particles in a general flowfield. J. Fluid Mech. 140, 223–256 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Gidaspow, D.: Multiphase flow and fluidization: continuum and kinetic theory descriptions. Academic press (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  25. Wen, C.Y.: Mechanics of fluidization. Chemical engineering progress symposium series, pp. 100–111. (1966)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Ergun, S.: Fluid flow through packed columns. Chem. Eng. Prog. 48, 89–94 (1952)

    Google Scholar 

  27. Syamlal, M.,O’Brien, T.: The derivation of a drag coefficient formula from velocity-voidage correlations. Technical Note, US Department of energy, Office of Fossil Energy, West Virginia, (1987)

    Google Scholar 

  28. Yang, N., Wang, W., Ge, W., Wang, L.,Li, J.: Simulation of heterogeneous structure in a circulating fluidized-bed riser by combining the two-fluid model with the EMMS approach. Industrial Engineering Chemistry Research 43 (18), 5548–5561 (2004)

    Google Scholar 

  29. Passalacqua, A.,Marmo, L.J.C.E.S.: A critical comparison of frictional stress models applied to the simulation of bubbling fluidized beds. Chemical Engineering Science 64 (12), 2795–2806 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  30. Loha, C., Chattopadhyay, H., Chatterjee, P.K.: Effect of coefficient of restitution in Euler-Euler CFD simulation of fluidized-bed hydrodynamics. Particuology 15, 170–177 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Calicut, Calicut-Mukkam road, Kattangal, Kozhikode, 673601, India

    Mona Mary Varghese & Teja Reddy Vakamalla

Authors
  1. Mona Mary Varghese
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Teja Reddy Vakamalla
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Teja Reddy Vakamalla .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India

    Ram P. Bharti

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, India

    Krunal M. Gangawane

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Varghese, M.M., Vakamalla, T.R. (2022). Effect of Turbulence Model on the Hydrodynamics of Gas–solid Fluidized Bed. In: Bharti, R.P., Gangawane, K.M. (eds) Recent Trends in Fluid Dynamics Research. Lecture Notes in Mechanical Engineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6928-6_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-6928-6_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-16-6927-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-16-6928-6

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation