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Nanocellulose-Based Membranes for the Removal of Dyes from Aquatic Systems

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Novel Materials for Dye-containing Wastewater Treatment

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Abstract

Conventional methods used in dye removal have limited efficiencies. Due to its eco-friendliness and other desirable characteristics, such as biodegradation, environmental friendliness, nontoxicity, excellent thermal and mechanical properties, and ease of modification, cellulose has found application in fabrication of membranes for dye removal from wastewater. Unlike the bulk form, the properties of nanocellulose include high mechanical strength and high surface area, giving it potential for the fabrication of high-efficiency membranes. This stems primarily from the abundant surface OH groups. Moreover, nanocellulose affords a high aspect ratio, a large population of active binding sites, resulting in high adsorption capacity for a range of pollutants including dyes. The major challenge in the design of nanocellulose-based membranes is ensuring adequate access to reactive sites, together with maintaining high flux and mechanical stability. Generally, incorporating nanomaterials into the membrane matrix reduces fouling. This chapter reviews literature on the use of nanocellulose-based membranes in the remediation of dye-polluted wastewater. The specific objectives are: (1) to evaluate literature on the synthesis and fabrication of nanocellulose-based membranes and (2) to link the physico-chemical properties of the membranes to their dye removal performance.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical and Earth Sciences, Sol Plaatje University, Kimberley, South Africa

    Nhamo Chaukura, Mpho Motsamai, Abel Hunt & Khanya V. Phungula

  2. Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa

    Thato M. Masilompane

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  1. Nhamo Chaukura
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  2. Thato M. Masilompane
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  3. Mpho Motsamai
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  4. Abel Hunt
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  5. Khanya V. Phungula
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Correspondence to Nhamo Chaukura .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Sustainability, SgT and API, Kowloon, Hong Kong

    Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

  2. Iran University of Science and Technology, Teheran, Iran

    Ali Khadir

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Chaukura, N., Masilompane, T.M., Motsamai, M., Hunt, A., Phungula, K.V. (2021). Nanocellulose-Based Membranes for the Removal of Dyes from Aquatic Systems. In: Muthu, S.S., Khadir, A. (eds) Novel Materials for Dye-containing Wastewater Treatment . Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2892-4_6

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