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Bio-plastic Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): Applications in Modern Medicine

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Bioplastics for Sustainable Development

Abstract

Bioplastics are in medical use since time immemorial and continuously gaining interest in diverse arenas of science. This includes a class of bioplastic polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) that naturally exhibit a wide range of properties such as thermoplasticity, elastomer behavior, simple tunability, and immunotolerance. Although PHAs possess many advantages, simultaneously it also suffers from fundamental deficiencies such as fragility, low flexibility, and limited surface functionalities. In recent years, several studies have focused on the enhancement of the properties of PHA, particularly for biomedical applications by the incorporation of nanomaterials. The structure and physiochemical properties of PHA allow it to blend with various biomaterials and bioactive substances, and many interested composites can be designed based on various biomedical applications. The blended PHA can improve various functionalities such as mechanical properties, hydrophilicity, and time bound degradation under precise physiological environment. Modified PHA perhaps may address many biomedical problems and provide sustainable solution to various problems such as load bearing cartilage, heart chambers, wound grafts, and artificial membranes for kidneys. The enhanced immunotolerance, sustained biodegradability, and low toxicity of PHA fascinated various researchers, including tissue engineering, which have demonstrated many medical advances like bioabsorbable sutures (FDA approved 2007), 3D structures, and various medical devices. In future, intelligent auto controllable PHA products like microsphere may perhaps take more responsibilities rather than just a drug delivery system. This chapter provides a comprehensive study of cutting-edge approaches to biomedical applications and potential future strategies.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Science and Defence Technology, Department of Maritime Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    Abdul Mukheem & Nanthini Sridewi

  2. Department of Chemistry, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India

    Syed Shahabuddin

  3. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia

    Syed Shahabuddin

  4. Central Laboratory for Stem Cell Research and Translation Medicine, Center for Liver Research and Diagnostics, Deccan College of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India

    Aleem Ahmed Khan

  5. Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, Bangladesh

    Md Murad Hossain

  6. Faculty of Engineering, Department of Science in Engineering, International Islamic University of Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Ainil Hawa Jasni

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  1. Abdul Mukheem
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  1. Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed Kuddus

  2. Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Roohi

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Mukheem, A., Shahabuddin, S., Khan, A.A., Hossain, M.M., Jasni, A.H., Sridewi, N. (2021). Bio-plastic Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA): Applications in Modern Medicine. In: Kuddus, M., Roohi (eds) Bioplastics for Sustainable Development. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-1823-9_8

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