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Plant–Microbe Interactions in Attenuation of Toxic Waste in Ecosystem

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Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste

Abstract

As a result of rapid human population growth and increased industrial activities, the world ecosystems more than ever before are perpetually inundated with anthropogenic toxic waste releases at levels and frequencies higher than natural recovery rates. To achieve sustainable development, timely, efficient, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective approaches are required for environmental pollution abatement. Phytoremediation technique involving plant–microbe synergy provides a simple plausible remediation alternative to existing intrusive and costly physicochemical and engineering-based decontamination techniques. Although plant and microorganisms can independently attenuate some toxic wastes, without microbial collaboration, this technique will not be a viable option for the remediation of most pollutants. This review examines the mutual relationship between microorganisms and plant within rhizosphere and phyllosphere and exploitation of their synergy for toxic organic and inorganic wastes attenuation in the ecosystem. Possible mechanisms and reasons for accelerated removal of pollutants within the vicinity of plants (rhizosphere and phyllosphere) are presented. The prominent role played by root-endophytes in toxic waste attenuation in soil ecosystem is highlighted.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Federal University of Agriculture Makurdi, Makurdi, Nigeria

    Monday Ubogu

  2. Department of Microbiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

    Ejiro Akponah

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  1. Monday Ubogu
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  2. Ejiro Akponah
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  1. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

  2. Department of Botany, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, India

    Ram Prasad

  3. Centre for Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Manoj Kumar

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Ubogu, M., Akponah, E. (2021). Plant–Microbe Interactions in Attenuation of Toxic Waste in Ecosystem. In: Kumar, V., Prasad, R., Kumar, M. (eds) Rhizobiont in Bioremediation of Hazardous Waste. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0602-1_7

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