Abstract
Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) has been widely used in people’s life. Generally, GNSS signals suffer from severe attenuation in urban canyon environments. the 5th generation wireless systems (5G) and GNSS hybrid positioning technique is a promising localization technique because 5G base stations are able to help GNSS relieve the problem of lacking visible satellites in urban environments. However, 5G-GNSS hybrid positioning faces the time synchronization problem. The conventional methods based on time of arrival (TOA) or time difference of arrival (TDOA) require that the time synchronization accuracy between two base stations should at least be 30-nanosecond level to make sure the range error is below 10 m, which is difficult to achieve in real applications. This work proposes a 5G-GNSS hybrid positioning scheme basing on AOA-TOA measurements. We combine the angle of arrival (AOA) estimates from 5G base stations and TOA measurements from GNSS satellites to perform hybrid localization. Moving averaging operation is then performed on the raw position estimates to further reduce the effect of noise. The principle of the proposed algorithm is explained detailedly. Numerical results demonstrate that the proposed method can be free from the influence of the time synchronization error, thus it improves the accuracy and robustness of hybrid positioning system in comparison with conventional methods.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Seco-Granados, G., Lopez-Salcedo, J.A., Jimenez-Banos, D., et al.: Challenges in indoor global navigation satellite systems: unveiling its core features in signal processing. IEEE Sig. Process. Mag. 29(2), 108–131 (2012)
Hein, G., Teuber, A.: GNSS Indoors Fighting the Fading, Part 3. Inside GNSS, pp. 45–53, July/August 2008
Garcia, N., Wymeersch, H., Larsson, E.G., et al.: Direct localization for massive MIMO. IEEE Trans. Sig. Process. 65(10), 2475–2487 (2017)
Abu-Shaban, Z., Zhou, X., Abhayapala, T., et al.: Error bounds for uplink and downlink 3D localization in 5G millimeter wave systems. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 17(8), 4939–4954 (2018)
Koivisto, M., Mário, C., Werner, J., et al.: Joint device positioning and clock synchronization in 5G ultra-dense networks. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 99, 2866–2881 (2016)
Werner, J., Costa, M., Hakkarainen, A., et al.: Joint user node positioning and clock offset estimation in 5G ultra-dense networks. In: GLOBECOM 2015-2015 IEEE Global Communications Conference. IEEE (2015)
Del Peral-Rosado, J., Saloranta, J., Destino, G., López-Salcedo, J., Seco-Granados, G.: Methodology for simulating 5G and GNSS high-accuracy positioning. Sensors-Basel 18(10), 3220 (2018)
Yin, L., Ni, Q., Deng, Z.: A GNSS/5G integrated positioning methodology in D2D communication networks. IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. 36(2), 351–362 (2018)
García-Molina, J.A., Fernández-Rubio, J.A.: Positioning and timing in the MIMO-GNSS framework. In: 9th ESA Workshop on Satellite Navigation Technologies and European Workshop on GNSS Signals and Signal Processing (NAVITEC). IEEE (2018)
GPP TR 38.855: Study on NR positioning support. Rel. 16 (2019)
GPP TS 22.261: Service requirements for next generation new services and markets. Rel. 16 (2019)
Shahmansoori, A., Garcia, G.E., Destino, G., et al.: Position and orientation estimation through millimeter wave MIMO in 5G systems. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 17(3), 1822–1835 (2017)
Cong, L., Zhuang, W.: Hybrid TDOA/AOA mobile user location for wideband CDMA cellular systems. IEEE Trans. Wirel. Commun. 1, 439–447 (2002)
del Peral-Rosado, J.A., et al.: Physical-layer abstraction for hybrid GNSS and 5G positioning evaluations. In: IEEE 90th Vehicular Technology Conference (2019)
López-Almansa, J.M., Cosmen-Schortmann, J., Coutinho, P., Toledo, M.: Parametric and statistical characterization of multipath errors for Galileo signals. In: Proceedings of the ION GNSS, September 2007
Domínguez, E., Seco-Granados, G., López-Salcedo, J.A., et al.: Characterization of integrity threats in terrestrial applications using real signal captures. In: Proceedings of the ION GNSS, September 2014
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sun, C., Zhao, H., Bai, L., Cheong, J.W., Dempster, A.G., Feng, W. (2020). GNSS-5G Hybrid Positioning Based on TOA/AOA Measurements. In: Sun, J., Yang, C., Xie, J. (eds) China Satellite Navigation Conference (CSNC) 2020 Proceedings: Volume III. CSNC 2020. Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, vol 652. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3715-8_47
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3715-8_47
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-3714-1
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-3715-8
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)