Algal Biomass: Potential Renewable Feedstock for Biofuels Production – Part I

Agrawal, Komal; Bhatt, Ankita; Bhardwaj, Nisha; Kumar, Bikash; Verma, Pradeep

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-8637-4_8

Komal Agrawal⁷,
Ankita Bhatt⁷,
Nisha Bhardwaj⁷,
Bikash Kumar⁷ &
…
Pradeep Verma⁷

Part of the book series: Clean Energy Production Technologies ((CEPT))

858 Accesses
18 Citations

Abstract

The present age has seen technological development at a large scale and has imposed tremendous pressure on the natural resources. The usage of fossil fuel has resulted in the release of greenhouse gases, thereby promoting global warming and increased environmental concern among the researchers. Therefore, the quest to find “clean energy” has become the chief concern of the environmentalist. In order to address the issue, third-generation biofuel involving microalgae has been regarded as one of the most effective biological sources as it only requires sunlight, carbon dioxide, and nutrition for its growth. The biofuel derived from the living organism has numerous advantages as it effectively decreases the concentration of emitted greenhouse gases. The microalgae have numerous applications and can be effectively used in biofuels, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals and as human and animal nutritional sources. Thus, the present chapter would focus on microalgae production processes, advantages and disadvantages of natural and artificial cultivation system, various harvesting techniques followed by its application in various sectors, and lastly the limitations and its future prospects.

Authors “Komal Agrawal” and “Ankita Bhatt” contributed equally to this work.

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Abbreviations

AD:: Anaerobic digestion
ALPBRs:: Airlift photobioreactors
BCPBRs:: Bubble column photobioreactors
CPBRS:: Closed photobioreactor system
CPBRs:: Closed photobioreactors
FAME:: Fatty acid methyl ester
FPBRs:: Flat plate photobioreactors
F^stGB:: First-generation biofuel
GHGE:: Greenhouse gas emission
HTC:: Hydrothermal carbonization
HTL:: Hydrothermal liquefaction
HTPBRs:: Helical type photobioreactors
HTSCS:: Hybrid two-stage cultivation system
ICS:: Indoor cultivation system
MAOSE:: Microwave-assisted organic solvent extraction
OPCS:: Open pond cultivation system
OS:: Outdoor system
PBPBRs:: Plastic bag photobioreactors
PBR:: Photobioreactor
PRPBRs:: Penthouse-roof photobioreactors
PTC:: Phototrophic cultures
PUFAs:: Polyunsaturated fatty acids
SCFE:: Supercritical fluid extraction
S^ndGB:: Second-generation biofuel
STPBRs:: Stirred tank photobioreactors
TPBRs:: Tubular photobioreactors
T^rdGB:: Third-generation biofuel

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Acknowledgments

PV is thankful to DBT (Grant No. BT/304/NE/TBP/2012; Grant No. BT/PR7333/PBD/26/373/2012), and KA and AB are thankful to Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, India, for providing the financial support.

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Bioprocess and Bioenergy Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Central University of Rajasthan, Ajmer, Rajasthan, India
Komal Agrawal, Ankita Bhatt, Nisha Bhardwaj, Bikash Kumar & Pradeep Verma

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Komal Agrawal
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Ankita Bhatt
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Nisha Bhardwaj
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Bikash Kumar
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Pradeep Verma
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Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Neha Srivastava
Department of Physics & Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi, India, Department of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
Manish Srivastava
School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
P. K. Mishra
School of Science, Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
Vijai Kumar Gupta

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Agrawal, K., Bhatt, A., Bhardwaj, N., Kumar, B., Verma, P. (2020). Algal Biomass: Potential Renewable Feedstock for Biofuels Production – Part I. In: Srivastava, N., Srivastava, M., Mishra, P., Gupta, V. (eds) Biofuel Production Technologies: Critical Analysis for Sustainability . Clean Energy Production Technologies. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8637-4_8

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-8637-4_8
Published: 24 March 2020
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