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Molecular Characterization, DNA Finger Printing, and Genomics in Horticultural Crops

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Conservation and Utilization of Horticultural Genetic Resources

Abstract

Horticulture, a branch of agriculture, deals with cultivation of vegetables, ornamentals, fruits, plantation crops, spices, and medicinal and aromatic plants. Recently, genomics and other biotechnological tools played an important role in conventional plant breeding, by use of molecular markers and genome information for breeding purposes. This has led to production of disease-free planting material, better quality fruits, improved shelf life, increased availability of bio-formulations, etc. The main areas of biotechnology that are adopted for crop improvement include micropropagation, genetic engineering, molecular diagnostics, genomics, DNA finger printing, molecular markers/breeding, recombinant DNA technology, association mapping, and marker-assisted selection, to name a few. DNA markers can be utilized to determine the plant ancestry or eugenics, extent of genetic variation, gene tagging, linkage map development, as well as selection for quantitative traits which shows continuous phenotypic variation. In addition, studying the molecular marker-based genetics of horticultural traits can help to achieve decisive breeding strategies and map-based gene isolation. This helps the breeders to incorporate the genes which are not previously available into the commercial cultivars, thus creating the novelty in existing phenotypes. This chapter highlights in brief the application of biotechnological tools in horticultural crops and tries to expand horizons in the scientific parlance.

Jagadeesha Mulagund and K. Souravi have been equally contributed

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Acknowledgment

MRD and KVR acknowledge financial support from ICAR Network Project on Transgenic Crops: Functional genomics on mango and banana.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    Jagadeesha Mulagund, M. R. Dinesh & K. V. Ravishankar

  2. Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    K. Souravi

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  1. Jagadeesha Mulagund
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  2. K. Souravi
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  3. M. R. Dinesh
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  4. K. V. Ravishankar
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Correspondence to K. V. Ravishankar .

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  1. Division of Plant Genetic Resources, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    P.E. Rajasekharan

  2. Global Research for Development Support Ventures (GRSV), Bengaluru, Karnataka, India

    V. Ramanatha Rao

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Mulagund, J., Souravi, K., Dinesh, M.R., Ravishankar, K.V. (2019). Molecular Characterization, DNA Finger Printing, and Genomics in Horticultural Crops. In: Rajasekharan, P., Rao, V. (eds) Conservation and Utilization of Horticultural Genetic Resources. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3669-0_20

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