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Context, Quantification, and Measurement Guide for Non-Photochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence

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Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria

Part of the book series: Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration ((AIPH,volume 40))

Summary

In this chapter, we (i) place photoprotective thermal dissipation of excess light into the context of the many adjustments plants employ to maximize photosynthesis and growth while minimizing the destructive potential of excess light and (ii) describe the historical development of key measures of thermal energy dissipation and related processes (e.g., common coefficients and other quantification of non-photochemical quenching, or NPQ, of chlorophyll a fluorescence and chlorophyll a fluorescence transients), emphasizing the theoretical and practical advantages and limitations surrounding the use of NPQ as a measure of dissipation of excitation energy from singlet excited state of chlorophyll a as “harmless” heat. Furthermore, we provide guidance on the proper measurement of NPQ and advise readers of the methodological issues that, if not avoided, can render measures of this parameter non-interpretable.

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Abbreviations

Chl:

Chlorophyll

F:

Fluorescence

Fo, F ′o :

Minimal chlorophyll fluorescence in the dark- and light-adapted state, respectively

Fm, F ′m :

Maximal chlorophyll fluorescence in the dark- and light-adapted state, respectively

Fs :

Steady-state chlorophyll fluorescence emission during illumination

Fv, F ′v :

Variable chlorophyll fluorescence in the dark-adapted (Fm − Fo) and light-adapted (F ′m  − F ′o ) state, respectively

Fv/Fm, F ′v /F ′m :

Interpreted to be intrinsic efficiency (or quantum yield) of photosystem II in the dark- and light-adapted state, respectively (equivalent to Φ PS II)

NPQ:

Non-photochemical quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence

OJIP:

One-letter names associated with phases of the chlorophyll fluorescence transient curve upon onset of illumination; O is for the initial minimum level, P for peak, and J and I are inflections between the two

PAM:

Pulse-amplitude modulated (fluorescence or fluorometer)

PS I:

Photosystem I

PS II:

Photosystem II

Φ NPQ :

Quantum yield of the regulated portion of thermal dissipation of the singlet excited state of Chl a

Φ PS II :

Quantum yield (intrinsic efficiency) of photosystem II photochemistry (equivalent to Fv/Fm)

qE, qI, qN, qP:

Quenching coefficients for energy-dependent (E), photoinhibitory (I), non-photochemical (N), and photochemical (P) quenching of chlorophyll fluorescence, respectively; VAZ cycle – the xanthophyll cycle involving the carotenoids violaxanthin, antheraxanthin, and zeaxanthin

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Acknowledgments

Work presented in this chapter was supported by the University of Colorado. We thank Dr. Christopher Cohu and Mr. Jared Stewart for assistance with the generation of the figures and George Papageorgiou and Govindjee for constructive comments on this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biology Department, Bowdoin College, 6500 College Station, Brunswick, ME, 04011, USA

    Barry A. Logan

  2. Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, 80309-0334, USA

    Barbara Demmig-Adams & William W. Adams III

  3. Ökophysiologie der Pflanzen, Botanisches Institut der Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 3-9, Kiel, 24118, Germany

    Wolfgang Bilger

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Correspondence to Barry A. Logan .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA

    Barbara Demmig-Adams

  2. Laboratory of Photosynthetic Membranes Biological Research Center, Institute of Plant Biology Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary

    Gyozo Garab

  3. Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA

    William Adams III

  4. Department of Plant Biology 265 Morrill Hall, MC-116, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA

    Govindjee

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Logan, B.A., Demmig-Adams, B., Adams, W.W., Bilger, W. (2014). Context, Quantification, and Measurement Guide for Non-Photochemical Quenching of Chlorophyll Fluorescence. In: Demmig-Adams, B., Garab, G., Adams III, W., Govindjee, . (eds) Non-Photochemical Quenching and Energy Dissipation in Plants, Algae and Cyanobacteria. Advances in Photosynthesis and Respiration, vol 40. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9032-1_7

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