Abstract
The prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer has to date been mainly predicted on the basis of clinical and histopathologic items, with the TNM stage appearing to be the most imp
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Compton C, Fenoglio-Preiser CM, Fielding LP (2000) American Joint Committee on Cancer Prognostic Factors Consensus Conference Colorectal Working Group. Cancer 88:1739–1757
Roukos DH, Murray S, Briasoulis E (2007) Molecular genetic tools shape a roadmap towards a more accurate prognostic prediction and personalized management of cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 6:308–312
Compton CC (2003) Colorectal carcinoma: diagnostic, prognostic, and molecular features. Mod Pathol 6:376–388
Treanor D, Quirke P (2007) Pathology of colorectal cancer. Clin Oncol 19:769–776
Klump B, Nehls O, Okech T et al (2004) Molecular lesions in colorectal cancer: impact on prognosis? Int J Colorectal Dis 19:23–42
Kahlenberg MS, Stoler DL, Rodriguez-Bigas MA et al (2000) p53 tumor suppressor gene mutations predict decreased survival of patients with sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Cancer 88:1814–1819
Schwandner O, Schiedeck THK, Bruch H-P et al (2000) p53 and Bcl-2 as significant predictors of recurrence and survival in rectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 36:348–356
Hilska M, Collan YU, Path FRC et al (2005) The significance of tumor markers for proliferation and apoptosis in predicting survival in colorectal cancer. Dis Colon Rectum 48:2197–2208
Lan Y, Chang S, Li A et al (2007) p53 protein accumulation as a prognostic marker in sporadic colorectal cancer. Int J Colorectal Dis 22:499–506
Grizzle WE, Manne U, Weiss HL et al (2002) Molecular staging of colorectal cancer in African-American and Caucasian patients using phenotypic expression of p53, bcl-2, MUC-1 and p-27 (kip-1). Int J Cancer 97:403–409
Kressner U, Bjorheim J, Westring S (1998) ki-ras mutations and prognosis in colorectal cancer. Eur J Cancer 34:518–521
Andreyev HJNA, Norman AR, Cunningham D et al (1998) Kirsten ras mutations in patients with colorectal cancer: the multicenter “RASCAL” study. J Natl Cancer Inst 90:675–684
McKay JA, Douglas JJ, Ross VG et al (2002) Analysis of key cell-cycle checkpoint proteins in colorectal tumours. J Pathol 196:386–393
Polakis P (2000) Wnt signalling and cancer. Genes Dev 14:1837–1851
Bienz M, Clevers H (2000) Linking colorectal cancer to Wnt signalling. Cell 103:311–320
Ikeguchi M, Makimo M, Kaibara N (2001) Clinical significance of E-cadherin-catenin complex expression in metastatic foci of colorectal carcinoma. J Surg Oncol 77:201–207
Jung A, Schrauder M, Oswald U et al. (2001) The invasion front of human colorectal adenocarcinomas shows co-localisation of nuclear beta-catenin, cyclin D1 and p16INK4A and is a region of low proliferation. Am J Pathol 159:1613–1617
Xie D, Sham JS, Zeng WF et al (2003) Heterogeneous expression and association of betacatenin, p16 and c-myc in multistage colorectal tumorigenesis and progression detected by tissue microarray. Int J Cancer 107:896–902
Araujo SE, Bernardo WM, Habr-Gama A et al (2007) DNA ploidy status and prognosis in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of published data. Dis Colon Rectum 50:1800–1810
Berczi C, Bocsi J, Bartha I et al (2002) Prognostic value of DNA ploidy status in patients with rectal cancer. Anticancer Res 22:3737–3741
Muto T, Bussey HJ, Morson BC (1975) The evolution of cancer of the colon and rectum. Cancer 36:2251–2270
Vogelstein B, Fearon ER, Hamilton SR et al (1988) Genetic alterations during colorectal-tumor development. N Engl J Med 319: 525–532
Rodrigues NR, Rowan A, Smith ME et al (1990) p53 mutations in colorectal cancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87:7555–7559
Mutch MG (2007) Molecular profiling and risk stratification of adenocarcinoma of the colon. J Surg Oncol 96:693–703
Lynch HT, de la Chapelle A (2003) Hereditary colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 348:919–932
Samowitz WS, Albertsen H, Herrick J et al (2005) Evaluation of a large, population based sample supports a CpG island methylator phenotype in colon cancer. Gastroenterology 129:837–845
Qiu LX, Tang QY, Bai JL et al (2008) Predictive value of thymidylate synthase expression in advanced colorectal cancer patients receiving fluoropyrimidine-based chemotherapy: evidence from 24 studies. Int J Cancer 123:2384–2389
Jover R, Zapater P, Castells A et al for the Gastrointestinal Oncology Group of the Spanish Gastroenterological Association (2009) The efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5-Fluorouracil in colorectal cancer depends on the mismatch repair status. Eur J Cancer 45:365–373
Bardelli A, Siena S (2010) Molecular mechanisms of resistance to cetuximab and panitumumab in colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 28:1254–1261
Bokemeyer C, Bondarenko I, Makhson A et al (2009) Fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin with and without cetuximab in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer. J Clin Oncol 27:663–671
Van Cutsem E, Köhne CH, Hitre E et al (2009) Cetuximab and chemotherapy as initial treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med 360:1408–1417
Tahara E (2007) Growth factors and oncogenes in gastrointestinal cancers. In: Meyers RA (ed) Cancer. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim, pp. 286–296
Pang RWC, Joh JW, Johnson PJ (2008) Biology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Surg Oncol 15:962–971
Aravalli RN, Steer CJ, Cressman EN (2008) Molecular mechanisms of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 48:2047–2063
Wild CP, Montesano R (2009) A model of interaction: aflatoxins and hepatitis viruses in liver cancer aetiology and prevention Cancer Lett 286:22–28
Mínguez B, Tovar V, Chiang D et al (2009) Pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma and molecular therapies. Curr Opin Gastroenterol 25:186–194
Llovet JM, Ricci S, Mazzaferro V et al for the SHARP Investigators Study Group (2008) Sorafenib in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 359:378–390
Siegel AB, Cohen EI, Ocean A et al (2008) Phase II trial evaluating the clinical and biologic effects of bevacizumab in unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. J Clin Oncol 26:2992–2998
Bardeesy N, DePinho RA (2002) Pancreatic cancer biology and genetics. Nature 2:897–909
Hruban RH, Goggins M, Parsons J, Kern SE (2000) Progression model for pancreatic cancer. Clin Cancer Res 6:2696–2972
Yamashita S (2009) Molecular targeted therapy for thyroid cancer in Japan: a call to reduce the backlog. Endocr J 56:919–920
Chevillard S, Ugolin N, Vielh P et al (2004) Gene expression profiling of differentiated thyroid neoplasms: diagnostic and clinical implications. Clin Cancer Res 10:6586–6597
Hou P, Ji M, Xing M (2008) Association of PTEN gene methylation with genetic alterations in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT signaling pathway in thyroid tumors. Cancer 113:2440–2447
Smallridge RC, Marlow LA, Copland JA (2009) Anaplastic thyroid cancer: molecular pathogenesis and emerging therapies. Endocr Relat Cancer 16:17–44
Polyak K (2008) Is breast tumor progression really linear? Clin Cancer Res 14:339–341
Polyak K (2007) Breast cancer: origins and evolution. J Clin Invest 117:3155–3163
Di Cosimo S (2009) Controversies in breast cancer: the mammalian target of rapamycin as a target for breast cancer therapy. Breast Cancer Research 11[Suppl 3]: S25
Seni T, Jatoi I (2008) An overview of the role of prophylactic surgery in the management of individuals with a hereditary cancer predisposition. Surg Clin N Am 88:739–758
Schellhaas E, König C, Frank-Raue K et al (2009) Long-term outcome of “prophylactic therapy” for familial medullary thyroid cancer. Surgery 146:906–912
Skinner MA, Moley JA, Dilley WG et al (2005) Prophylactic thyroidectomy in multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A. N Engl J Med 353:1105–1113
Guillem JG, Wood WC, Moley JF et al (2006) ASCO/SSO Review of current role of risk-reducing surgery in common hereditary cancer syndromes. J Clin Oncol 24:4642–4660
Meijers-Heijboer H, Van Geel B, van Putten WLJ et al (2001) Breast cancer after prophylactic bilateral mastectomy in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation. N Engl J Med 345:159–164
Schmeler KM, Lynch HT, Chen LM et al (2006) Prophylactic surgery to reduce the risk of gynecologic cancers in the Lynch Syndrome. N Engl J Med 354:261–269
Ramsoekh D, Wagner A, van Leerdam ME et al (2009) Cancer risk in MLH1, MSH1 and MSH6 mutation carriers; different risk profile may influence clinical management. Hered Cancer Clin Pract 23:17
Lynch HT, Grady W, Suriano G, Huntsman D (2005) Gastric cancer: new genetic development. J Surg Oncol 90:114–133
Ziogas D, Roukos DH (2009) CDH1 testing: can it predict the prophylactic or therapeutic nature of total gastrectomy in hereditary diffuse gastric cancer? Ann Surg Oncol 16:2678–2681
Schulte am Esch J, Knoefel WT, Klein M et al (2005) Portal application of autologous CD 133+ bone marrow cells to the liver: a novel concept to support hepatic regeneration. Stem Cell 23:463–470
Fürst G, Schulte am Esch J, Poll LW et al (2007) Portal vein embolization and autologous CD133+ bone marrow stem cells for liver regeneration: initial experience. Radiology 243:171–179
Kuhlmann KF, van Till JW, Boermeester MA et al (2007) Evaluation of matrix metalloproteinase 7 in plasma and pancreatic juice as a biomarker for pancreatic cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 16:886–891
Yan L, McFaul C, Howes N et al (2005) Molecular analysis to detect pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma in high-risk groups. Gastroenterology 128:2124–2130
Walgenbach KJ, Voigt M, Riabikhin AW et al (2001) Tissue engineering in plastic reconstructive surgery. Anat Rec 263:372–378
Mizuno H (2009) Adipose-derived stem cells for tissue repair and regeneration: ten years of research and a literature review. J Nippon Med Sch 76:56–66
Yoshimura K, Sato K, Aoi N et al (2008) Cell-assisted lipotransfer for cosmetic breast augmentation: supportive use of adipose-derived stem/stromal cells. Aesth Plast Surg 32:48–55
Bechi P, Balzi M, Becciolini A et al (1996) Helicobacter pylori and cell proliferation of the gastric mucosa: possible implications for gastric carcinogenesis. Am J Gastroenterol 91:271–276
Bechi P, Balzi M, Becciolini A et al (1991) Gastric cell proliferation kinetics and bile reflux after partial gastrectomy. Am J Gastroenterol 86:1424–1432
Volpi A, De Paola F, Nanni O et al (2000) Prognostic significance of biologic markers in nodenegative breast cancer patients: a prospective study. Breast Cancer Res Treat 63:181–192
Amadori D, Nanni O, Volpi A et al (2008) Phase III randomized multicenter study on the effects of adjuvant CMF in patients with node-negative, rapidly proliferating breast cancer: twelveyear results and retrospective subgroup analysis. Breast Cancer Res Treat 108:259–264
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2011 Springer-Verlag Italia
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Bechi, P. (2011). Biomolecular Staging: Reality or Future Perspective?. In: Barbarisi, A. (eds) Biotechnology in Surgery. Updates in Surgery, vol 0. Springer, Milano. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1658-3_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-1658-3_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Milano
Print ISBN: 978-88-470-1657-6
Online ISBN: 978-88-470-1658-3
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)