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Multiple Roles of H2S in Inflammation: A New Class of Therapeutics?

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Hydrogen Sulfide and its Therapeutic Applications

Abstract

H2S exhibits complex roles in inflammation. Work over the last decade has shown that this gas can be pro-inflammatory, anti-inflammatory and/or can promote the resolution of an ongoing inflammatory response. The precise effect will depend on a range of, as yet, not completely understood factors, such as stage of the disease and the concentration and cellular localization of the gas. H2S is synthesized by a wide range of inflammatory cells and affects multiple biological processes involved in initiating, sustaining and resolving inflammation. These include blood vessel dilatation, adhesion, migration and survival of leukocytes, oedema and pain and hyperalgesia. In addition, H2S helps to regulate the release and effects of numerous other inflammatory mediators. Drugs which target the H2S system can provide a new approach to the treatment of inflammation.

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Abbreviations

3-MST:

3-Mercaptopyruvate transferase

ADT-OH:

5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-1,2-dithione-3-thione

CBS:

Cystathionine β synthetase

CO:

Carbon monoxide

COPD:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

COX-2:

Cyclooxygenase-2

CSE:

Cystathionine γ lyase

EDHF:

Endothelium derived hyperpolarising factor

GYY4137:

Morpholin-4-ium 4 methoxyphenyl(morpholino) phosphinodithioate

H2S:

Hydrogen sulfide

ICAM-1:

Intercellular adhesion molecule 1

IFN-γ:

Interferon γ

IKKB:

Inhibitor of nuclear factor kappa-B kinase subunit beta

IL:

Interleukin

iNOS:

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

LPS:

Lipopolysaccharide

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

MPO:

Myeloperoxidase

Na2S:

Sodium sulfide

NaHS:

Sodium hydrosulfide

NF-κB:

Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells

NO:

Nitric oxide

NSAID:

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug

oxLDL:

Oxidised low density lipoprotein

PAG:

DL-propargylglycine

PKB:

Protein kinase B

PPP:

Pyridoxal 5′phosphate

SAC:

S-allylcysteine

SPRC:

S-propargylcysteine

STAT:

Signal transducer and activator of transcription

TRPA:

Transient receptor potential ion channels

VCAM:

Vascular cell adhesion protein

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Acknowledgements

We wish to thank the Biomedical Research Council (BMRC) and the Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore for support.

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Correspondence to Philip K. Moore .

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Li, L., Mohamed, M.S.B., Moore, P.K. (2013). Multiple Roles of H2S in Inflammation: A New Class of Therapeutics?. In: Kimura, H. (eds) Hydrogen Sulfide and its Therapeutic Applications. Springer, Vienna. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1550-3_3

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