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Nekrotisierende Enterokolitis

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Akutes Abdomen im Kindes- und Jugendalter

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Zusammenfassung

Die nekrotisierende Enterokolitis (NEC) zeigt eine Entzündung und Nekrose der Schleimhaut des Dünn- oder Dickdarms mit nachfolgender Sepsis, in schweren Fällen eine Darmgangrän und -perforation. Es gibt Herz-Kreislauf-bedingte, respiratorische sowie ernährungsbedingte Risikofaktoren. Typisch sind Magenretention, geblähter Bauch, blutige Stühle und kardiorespiratorische Instabilität. Die Diagnose erfolgt mittels Abdomenleerröntgen, Sonographie und Duplex-Sonographie mit Nachweis von Gasbläschen im Pfortadersystem sowie Labor. Primär erfolgt eine parenterale Ernährung und Sepsisbehandlung über einen zentralvenösen Zugang. Operiert wird bei freier Luft im Abdomen und gangränösen Darmabschnitten oder einer gedeckten Perforation sowie bei Verschlechterung trotz maximaler kreislaufunterstützender Therapie. Vorzugsweise werden betroffene Darmabschnitte reseziert und endständige Stomien angelegt. Vor dem Stomaverschluss wird mittels Kontrastmitteldarstellung eine Striktur ausgeschlossen.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kinder- und Jugendchirurgie, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Österreich

    Günter Fasching

  2. Universitäts-Kinderspital beider Basel, Basel, Schweiz

    Johannes Mayr

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  1. Günter Fasching
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  2. Johannes Mayr
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Correspondence to Günter Fasching .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universitäts-Kinderspital beider Basel (UKBB), Basel, Switzerland

    Johannes Mayr

  2. Kinder- und Jugendchirurgie, Klinikum Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt am Wörthersee, Austria

    Günter Fasching

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Fasching, G., Mayr, J. (2018). Nekrotisierende Enterokolitis . In: Mayr, J., Fasching, G. (eds) Akutes Abdomen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55995-6_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-55995-6_12

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-55994-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-55995-6

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