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Herztransplantation

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Sportkardiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Die erstmals 1967 am Menschen vorgenommene orthotope Herztransplantation hat sich mittlerweile zu einem etablierten Behandlungskonzept entwickelt. Der Bedarf an Herztransplantationen übersteigt die Verfügbarkeit an Spenderorganen. Die Einjahresüberlebensrate liegt bei 80–85%, die Fünfjahresüberlebensrate bei 60–70%, und nach 10 Jahren leben noch 40–50% der herztransplantierten Patienten [16]. Als klassische Indikation für eine Herztransplantation gilt die therapierefraktäre Herzinsuffizienz (NYHA IV). Ein bedeutsamer funktioneller Parameter ist die maximale Sauerstoffaufnahme; eine VO2max < 12 ml/min · kg dient als zusätzliches Kriterium für eine Herztransplantation [8]. Im ersten Jahr nach Transplantation sind akute Abstoßungsreaktionen und Infektionen die häufigsten Todesursachen. Weitere, meist längerfristige Komplikationen und Probleme sind Neoplasien und das Auftreten einer Transplantatvaskulopathie sowie Hypertonie, Niereninsuffizienz, Kortikoidmyopathie, Hyperlipoproteinämie und Osteoporose.

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Authors
  1. Wilfried Kindermann
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© 2003 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Kindermann, W. (2003). Herztransplantation. In: Sportkardiologie. Steinkopff, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13020-9_14

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-13020-9_14

  • Publisher Name: Steinkopff, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-13021-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-13020-9

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