Skip to main content

The Human Renin-Angiotensin System in Transgenic Rats — New Tools for Antihypertensive Therapy

  • Conference paper
Transgenic Animals as Model Systems for Human Diseases

Part of the book series: Schering Foundation Workshop ((SCHERING FOUND,volume 6))

  • 58 Accesses

Abstract

The renin—angiotensin system (RAS) is one of the best studied regulatory systems involved in control of cardiovascular function and volume homeostasis. Its effector peptide angiotensin II exerts a multiplicity of functions by raising peripheral resistance through vasoconstriction, enhancing renal sodium reabsorption, facilitation of catecholamine release from sympathetic nerve endings or stimulation of mineralcorticoid production in the adrenal gland (Table 1) [1,2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Vecsei P, Hackenthal E, Ganten D (1978) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Past, present and future. Klirr Wochenschr 56 (Suppl I): 5–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Klett C, Hellmann W, Hackenthal E, Ganten D (1990) Pathophysiologie des Renin-Angiotensin-Systems. Wiener Med Wschr 140: 2–11

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bader M, Kreutz R, Wagner J, Zeh K, Böhm M, Paul M, Ganten D (1992) Primary hypertension and the renin angiotensin system: from the laboratory experiment to clinical relevance. In: Colloque INSERM, vol 218: Genetic Hypertension. John Libbey Eurotext, Montrouge, London 359370

    Google Scholar 

  4. Williams GH (1988) N Engl J Med 323: 1517–1525

    Google Scholar 

  5. Goldblatt H, Lynch J, Hanzal RF, Summerville WW (1934) The production of persistent elevation of systolic blood pressure by means of renal ischemia. J Exp Med 59: 347–379

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Laragh JH, Sealey JE (1990) The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system in hypertensive disorders: A key to two forms of arteriolar vasoconstriction and a possible clue to the risk of vascular injury (heart attack and stroke) and prognosis In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM (eds) Hypertension: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Raven, New York

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hilbert P, Lindpaintner K, Beckmann JS, Serikawa T, Soubrier F, Dubay C, Cartwright P, DeGouyon B, Julier C, Takahasi S, Vincent M, Ganten D, Georges M, Lathrop GM (1991) Chromosomal mapping of two genetic loci associated with blood-pressure regulation in hereditary hypertensive rats. Nature 353: 521–529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Bruneval P, Fournier JG, Soubrier F, Belair MF, DaSilva JL, Guettier C, Pinet F, Tardivel I, Corvol P, Bariety J, Camilleri JP (1988) Detection and localization of renin messenger RNA in human pathologic tissues using in situ hybridization. Am J Pathol 131: 320–330

    Google Scholar 

  9. Wagner J, Paul M, Ganten D, Ritz E (1991) Gene expression and quantification of components of the renin-angiotensin-system from human renal biopsies by the polymerase chain reaction. J Am Soc Nephrol 2: 421 (Abstr)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Krieger JE, Dzau VJ (1991) Molecular biology of hypertension. Hypertension 18 (Suppl I):I-3—I-17

    Google Scholar 

  11. Morishita R, Higaki J, Miyazaki M, Ogihara T (1992) Possible role of the vascular renin-angiotensin system in hypertension and vascular hypertrophy. Hypertension 19 (suppl II):II-62—II-67

    Google Scholar 

  12. Schelling P, Fischer H, Ganten D (1991) Angiotensin and cell growth: a link to cardiovascular hypertrophy? J Hypertens 9: 3–15

    Google Scholar 

  13. Paquet JL, Baudouin-Legros M, Brunelle G, Meyer (1990) Angiotensin II-induced proliferation of aortic myocytes in spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Hypertens 8: 565–572

    Google Scholar 

  14. Taubman MB, Berk BC, Izumo S, Tsuda T, Alexander RW, Nadal-Ginard B (1989) Angiotensin induces c-fos mRNA in aortic smooth muscle: Role of Ca2+ mobilization and protein kinase C activation. J Biol Chem 264:526–530

    Google Scholar 

  15. Paul M, Bachmann J, Ganten D (1992) The tissue renin-angiotensin systems in cardiovascular disease. Trends Cardiovasc Med 2: 94–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Lindpaintner K, Jin M, Wilhelm MJ, Suzuki F, Linz W, Schoelkens BA, Lang RE, Unger T, Ganten D (1988) Intracardiac generation of angiotensin and its physiological role. Circulation 77:I-18-I-23

    Google Scholar 

  17. Baker KM, Booz GW, Dostal DE (1992) Cardiac actions of angiotensin II: role of an intracardiac renin-angiotensin system. Ann Rev Physiol 54: 227241

    Google Scholar 

  18. Rhaleb NE, Rouissi N, Nantel F, D’Orleans-Juste P, Regoli D (1991) DuP 753 is a specific antagonist for the angiotensin receptor. Hypertension 17: 480–484

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Poole MD, Postman DS (1991) Characterization of cough associated with converting enzyme inhibitors. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surgery 105: 714716

    Google Scholar 

  20. van den Meiracker AH, Admiraal PJJ, Man in’t Veld AJ, Derkx FHM, Rit-sema van Eck HJ, Mulder P, Van Brummelen P, Schalekamp MADH (1990) Prolonged blood pressure reduction by orally active renin inhibitor RO 42–5892 in essential hypertension. Br Med J 301: 205–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Sealey JE, Laragh JH (1990) In: Laragh JH, Brenner BM (eds) Hypertension: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. Raven, New York, pp 1287–1318

    Google Scholar 

  22. Corvol P, Chauveau D, Jeunemaitre X, Menard J (1990) Human renin inhibitor peptides. Hypertension 16: 1–11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Evans DB, Cornette JC, Sawyer TK, Staples DJ, De Vaux AE, Sharma SK (1990) Substrate specificity and inhibitor structure activity relationships of recombinante human renin: implications in the in vivo evaluation of renin inhibitors. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 12: 161–175

    Google Scholar 

  24. Tewksbury DA, Dart RA, Travis J (1981) The amino terminal amino acid sequence of human angiotensinogen. J Biochem Biophys Res Commun 99: 1311–1315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ii Y, Murakami E, Hiwada K (1991) Effect of renin inhibitor, ES-8891, on renal renin secretion and storage in the marmoset: comparison with captopril. J Hypertens 9: 1119–1125

    Google Scholar 

  26. Mockrin SC, Dzau VJ, Gross KW, Horan MJ (1991) Transgenic animals: new approaches to hypertension research. Hypertension 17: 394–399

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Field LJ (1991) Cardiovascular research in transgenic animals. Trends Cardiovasc Med 1: 141–146

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  28. Ganten D, Lindpaintner K, Ganten U, Peters J, Zimmermann F, Bader M, Mullins J (1991) Transgenic rats: New animal models in hypertension research. Hypertension 17: 843–855

    Google Scholar 

  29. Palmiter RD, Brinster RL (1986) Germ-line transformation of mice. Ann Rev Genet 20: 465–499

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Wagner J, Zeh K, Paul M (1992) Transgenic rats in hypertension research. J Hypertens 10: 601–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Mullins JJ, Ganten D. (1990) Transgenic animals: new approaches to hypertension research. J Hypertens 8 (Supp17): S35 — S37

    Google Scholar 

  32. Armstrong DT, Opaysky MA (1988) Superovulation of immature rats by continuous infusion of FSH. Biol Reprod 39: 511–518

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Mullins JJ, Peters J, Ganten D (1990) Fulminant hypertension in transgenic rats harbouring the mouse Ren-2 gene. Nature 344: 541–544

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Sigmund CD, Gross KW (1990) Differential expression of the murine and rat renin genes in peripheral subcutaneous tissue. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 173: 218–223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Sigmund CD, Jones CA, Jacob HJ, Ingelfinger J, Kim U, Gamble D, Dzau VJ, Gross KW (1991) Pathophysiology of vascular smooth muscle in renin promoter-T—antigen transgenic mice. Am J Physiol 260: F249 — F257

    Google Scholar 

  36. Sigmund CD, Okuyama K, Ingelfinger J, Jones CA, Mullins JJ, Kane C, Kim U, Wu C, Kenny L, Rustum Y, Dzau VJ, Gross KW (1990) Isolation and characterization of renin-expression cell lines from transgenic mice containing a renin-promoter viral oncogene fusion construct. J Biol Chem 265: 19916–19922

    Google Scholar 

  37. Paul M, Nakamura N, Pratt RE, Burt DW, Dzau VJ (1992) Cell dependent posttranslational processing and secretion of recombinant mouse renin-2. Am J Physiol 262: E224 — E229

    Google Scholar 

  38. Sigmund CD, Gross KW (1991) Structure, expression, and regulation of the murine renin genes. Hypertension 18: 446–457

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Paul M, Burt DW, Krieger JE, Nakamura N, Dzau VJ (1992) Tissue specificity of renin promoter activity and regulation in mice. Am J Physiol 262: E644 — E650

    Google Scholar 

  40. Nakamura N., Burt DW, Paul M, Dzau VJ (1989) Negative control elements and cAMP responsive sequences in the tissue-specific expression of mouse renin genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86: 56–59

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Ohkubo H, Kawakami H, Kakehi Y, Takumi T, Arai H, Yokota Y, Iwai M, Tanabe Y, Masu M, Hata J, Iwao H, Okamoto H, Yokoyama M, Nomura T, Katsuki M, Nakanishi S (1990) Generation of transgenic mice with elevated blood pressure by introduction of the rat renin and angiotensinogen genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87: 5153–5157

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Fukamizu A, Seo MS, Hatae T, Yokoyama M, Nomura T, Katsuki M, Murakami K (1989) Tissue-specific expression of the human renin gene in transgenic mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 165: 826–832

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Ganten D, Wagner J, Zeh K, Bader M, Michel JB, Paul M, Zimmermann F, Ruf P, Hilgenfeldt U, Ganten U, Kaling M, Bachmann S, Fukamizu A, Mullins JJ, Murakami K (1992) Species specificity of renin kinetics in transgenic rats harboring the human renin and angiotensinogen genes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA

    Google Scholar 

  44. Menard J, Guyenne TT, Corvol P, Pau B, Simon D, Roncucci R (1985) Direct immunometric assay of active renin in human plasma. J Hypertens 3 (Suppl 3): S275 — S278

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Fukamizu A, Hatae T, Kon Y, Sugimura M, Hasegawa T, Yokoyama M, Nomura T, Katsuki M, Murakami K (1991) Human renin in transgenic mouse kidney is localized to juxtaglomerular cells. Biochem J 278: 601603

    Google Scholar 

  46. Sealey JE, Rubattu SA (1989) Prorenin and renin as separate mediators of tissue and circulating systems. Am J Hypertens 2: 358–366

    Google Scholar 

  47. Glorioso N, Atlas SA, Laragh JH, Jewelewicz R, Sealey JE (1986) Prorenin in high concentrations in human ovarian follicular fluid. Science 233: 1422–1424

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Kim SJ, Shinjo M, Fukamizu A, Miyazaki H, Usuki S, Murakami K (1987) Identification of renin and renin messenger RNA sequence in rat ovary and uterus. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 142: 169–175

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Fukamizu A, Takahashi S, Seo MS, Tada M, Tanimoto K, Uehara S, Murakami K (1990) Structure and expression of the human angiotensinogen gene. J Biol Chem 265: 7576–7582

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gardes J, Bouhnik J, Clauser E, Corvol P, Ménard J (1982) Role of angiotensinogen in blood pressure homeostasis. Hypertension 4: 185–189

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Takahashi S, Fukamizu A, Hasegawa T, Yokoyama M, Nomura T, Katsuki M, Murakami K (1991) Expression of the human angiotensinogen gene in transgenic mice and transfected cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 180: 1103–1109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Sealey JE, White RP, Laragh JH, Rubin AL (1977) Plasma prorenin and renin in anephric patients. Circ Res 41 (Suppl II): 17–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  53. Unger T, Gohlke P, Paul M, Rettig R (1991) Tissue renin-angiotensin systems: fact or fiction? J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 18 (Suppl 2): S20 — S25

    Google Scholar 

  54. Dzau VJ, Pratt RE (1986) Renin-angiotensin system: biology, physiology, and pharmacology. The Heart and Cardiovasc Syst 2: 1631–1662

    Google Scholar 

  55. Dzau VJ (1987) Implications of local angiotensin production in cardiovascular physiology and pharmacology. Am J Cardiol 59: 59A - 65A

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Seo MS, Fukamizu A, Saito T, Murakami K (1991) Identification of a previously unrecognized production site of human renin. Biochim Biophys Acta 1129: 87–89

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1993 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Wagner, J., Paul, M., Ganten, D. (1993). The Human Renin-Angiotensin System in Transgenic Rats — New Tools for Antihypertensive Therapy. In: Wagner, E.F., Theuring, F. (eds) Transgenic Animals as Model Systems for Human Diseases. Schering Foundation Workshop, vol 6. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02925-1_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-02925-1_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-662-02927-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-662-02925-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics