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Prediction of Hypertension and Stroke for Controlling Cardiovascular Diseases in Genetic Rat Models

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Genetic Approaches to Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension

Summary

The development of genetic models for research on hypertension, stroke and atherosclerosis, namely spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR), stroke-prone SHR (SHRSP) and arteriolipidosis-prone rats (ALR), has contributed not only to the elucidation of the pathogenesis of hypertension-related cardiovascular diseases (CVD) but also to their prediction and prevention. Since both genetic and environmental factors are involved in the pathogenesis of CVD, the detection of genes or genetic factors involved in the pathogenesis and the control of environmental factors, such as dietary improvement, are useful as predictive and preventive measures against CVD. Early rise in blood pressure, sympathetic over-responsiveness, early development of cardiovascular hypertrophy, increased salt sensitivity and membrane or transport abnormalities detected in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and blood cells from SHR and SHRSP, which appear to be related to the pathogenesis of hypertension, are now regarded as predictors for hypertension possibly applicable to human hypertension, and have been partly examined, together with possible genetic markers and some restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the F2 generations obtained from SHRSP and normotensive Wistar-Kyoto, for their cosegregation with blood pressure. Genetic pathogenic mechanisms of stroke in SHRSP are hypertension-induced VSMC degeneration and necrosis of intracerebral arteries which start at the outer layer of the media and are accelerated by macrophage infiltration. Predictors of stroke related to these genetic pathogenic mechanisms are reduction of regional cerebral blood flow, hypoxic vulnerability and membrane abnormalities of VSMC, and the acceleration of lipid incorporation into VSMC observed in SHRSP and ALR may be utilized as the cellular predictor of atherosclerotic diseases. On the other hand, some nutritional factors affecting cellular, neural and vascular mechanisms of hypertension and related CVD have been proven to be effective for the prevention of CVD in these genetic models.

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Authors
  1. Y. Yamori
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  2. Y. Nara
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  3. T. Nabika
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  4. K. Ikeda
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  5. K. Matsumoto
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Medical Genetics, UllevalHospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Kare Berg M. D., Ph. D.

  2. World Health Organization, Avenue Appia, 1211, Geneva 27, Switzerland

    Victor Bulyzhenkov

  3. Fondation IPSEN pour la Recherche, Thérapeutique, 30, rue Cambronne, F-75737, Paris Cedex, France

    Yves Christen

  4. INSERM Unit 36, Collège de France, 3 rue d’Ulm, F-75005, Paris, France

    Pierre Corvol M. D.

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© 1991 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

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Yamori, Y., Nara, Y., Nabika, T., Ikeda, K., Matsumoto, K. (1991). Prediction of Hypertension and Stroke for Controlling Cardiovascular Diseases in Genetic Rat Models. In: Berg, K., Bulyzhenkov, V., Christen, Y., Corvol, P. (eds) Genetic Approaches to Coronary Heart Disease and Hypertension. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76891-0_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76891-0_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-642-76893-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-642-76891-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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