Abstract
Animal models in experimental chemical carcinogenesis aim at the characterization of processes and agents that are critically related to the stepwise development of neoplasia. The classical target tissue for studying multistage carcinogenesis is the skin of mice (Hecker et al. 1982). Until recently, this model of chemical induction of malignant tumors was divided into three stages called initiation, promotion and malignant progression. Initiation is the result of a single application of a carcinogen such as 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) at a “subthreshold” (initiating) dose, which causes no tumors by itself. Promotion is brought about by repeated treatments of initiated skin with tumor promoters such as 12-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and resuls in the formation of benign tumors, 80–90% of which grow reversibly. Only 10–20% of the papillomas exhibit proliferative autonomy, i.e. grow without further TPA treatment (Burns et al. 1978). Only after prolonged treatment do occasional carcinomas appear and these are thought to be derived from papillomas. The rate of malignant progression is independent of continuous promoter treatment, but it can be increased by additional carcinogen applications (Hennings et al. 1983).
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Fürstenberger, G., Gschwendt, M., Hagedorn, H., Marks, F. (1987). Modulation of the Conversion Stage of Multistep Carcinogenesis in Mouse Skin by Eicosanoids. In: Garaci, E., Paoletti, R., Santoro, M.G. (eds) Prostaglandins in Cancer Research. Proceedings in Life Sciences. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71904-2_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71904-2_5
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