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Selenoneine in Marine Organisms

  • Chapter
Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology

Part of the book series: Springer Handbooks ((SHB))

Abstract

A novel selenium-containing compound, selenoneine, 2-selenyl- N α , N α , N α -trimethyl-l-histidine, has been identified as the predominant form of organic selenium in the blood and tissues of tuna. This selenium compound has a selenium atom in the imidazole ring, and is a selenium analog of a thiol compound, ergothioneine. Selenoneine has radical scavenging activity and exerts an antioxidant effect by binding to hemoglobin and myoglobin, protecting them from iron auto-oxidation. In addition, selenoneine has detoxifying activity against methylmercury (GlossaryTerm

MeHg

). Selenoneine has been found to be a specific substrate for the organic cation/carnitine transporter OCTN1 (solute carrier family 22 member 4, SLC22A4), and mediated the excretion and demethylation of GlossaryTerm

MeHg

by exosomal small vesicle formation. The dietary intake of selenoneine through fish consumption is an important selenium source in the human diet. Since selenoneine and its related selenoproteins have strong antioxidant activities, disease protective functions, such as anticarcinogenesis and aging effects, may be expected.

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Abbreviations

DAN:

diaminonaphthalene

DNA:

deoxyribonucleic acid

DPPH:

1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl

ESCRT:

endosomal sorting complexes required for transport

GPC:

gel permeation chromatography

GPx:

glutathione peroxidase

GSH:

glutathione

HPLC:

high-performance liquid chromatography

HUVEC:

human umbilical vein endothelial cells

ICP-MS:

inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

ICP:

ion concentration polarization

JNK:

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

LC:

liquid chromatography

MA:

maslinic acid

MO:

morpholino antisense oligo

MS:

mass spectroscopy

Mb:

met-myoglobin

MeHgCy:

MeHg-cysteine

MeHg:

methylmercury

NHE:

normal hydrogen reference electrode

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SMase  1:

sphingomyolinase 1

SeN:

selenoneine

Sec-tRNA:

Selenocysteine-transfer RNA

cDNA:

complementary DNA

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Food Safety Assessment Research Group, National Research Institute of Fisheries Science, Huku-ura 2-12-4 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, 236-8648, Yokohama, Japan

    Michiaki Yamashita & Yumiko Yamashita

Authors
  1. Michiaki Yamashita
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  2. Yumiko Yamashita
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Correspondence to Michiaki Yamashita .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Marine-Bio. Convergence Science Specialized Graduate School Science & Technology Convergence Marine Bioprocess Research Center, Pukyong National University, Yongdang Campus, 365, Sinseon-ro, Nam-gu, 608-739, Busan, Korea

    Se-Kwon Kim Prof.

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Yamashita, M., Yamashita, Y. (2015). Selenoneine in Marine Organisms. In: Kim, SK. (eds) Springer Handbook of Marine Biotechnology. Springer Handbooks. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-53971-8_46

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