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Urinary Tract Malignancies of Infancy and Young Childhood

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Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn

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Abstract

The function of the urinary tract is to filter the blood of impurities, produce and eliminate urine from the body, and maintain electrolyte homeostasis. The urinary tract consists of two kidneys that lie retroperitoneally in the abdomen, each drained by a ureter that empties into the bladder that collects and stores urine before expelling urine through the urethra. Disorders of the development of the urinary tract, such as anatomic renal anomalies or posterior urethral valves or faulty implantation of the ureters to the bladder, are relatively much more common than malignancies of the urinary tract; however, cancers of the urinary system do sometimes present in infancy and may arise from any urinary tract structure. In this review, we will describe various malignancies that involve the urinary tract of infants, consider them in the greater context of childhood malignancies, discuss various genetic syndromes that predispose to such cancers, and outline some of the challenges of treating infants and very young children with anticancer therapy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, The Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky College of Medicine, Combs Research Bldg. Rm. 204 800 Rose Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0096, USA

    John D’Orazio MD, PhD

  2. Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose Street MN118, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA

    Samantha Michaels MD, John Romond MD & Joseph Pulliam

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  1. John D’Orazio MD, PhD
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Correspondence to John D’Orazio MD, PhD .

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  1. Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Hypertension and Renal Transplantation, Kentucky Children’s Hospital, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

    Aftab S. Chishti

  2. Urogenital Center, Division of Pediatric Urology, Cincinnati Children’s Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA

    Shumyle Alam

  3. Division of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky Children's Hospital, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

    Stefan G. Kiessling

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D’Orazio, J., Michaels, S., Romond, J., Pulliam, J. (2014). Urinary Tract Malignancies of Infancy and Young Childhood. In: Chishti, A., Alam, S., Kiessling, S. (eds) Kidney and Urinary Tract Diseases in the Newborn. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-39988-6_13

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