Zusammenfassung
Der Aspekt Ausdauer ist aus sportwissenschaftlicher und onkologischer Perspektive die Form motorischer Beanspruchung, deren Erforschung in den letzten Jahren große Fortschritte gemacht hat (Baumann u. Schüle 2008). Das Ausdauertraining ist ein fundamentaler Baustein des körperlichen Trainings und hat während der letzten Jahre einen wichtigen Stellenwert in der (Früh-)Rehabilitation onkologischer Patienten erhalten. Ausdauertraining ist effektiv und umsetzbar, und die Belastungskontrolle kann bei onkologischen Patienten genau gesteuert werden (ebd.). In Übersichtsarbeiten wurde in den letzten Jahren mehrfach dokumentiert, dass Ausdauertraining eine effektive Methode ist, um die aerobe Kapazität bei Patienten mit onkologischen Erkrankungen zu verbessern (McNeely et al. 2006; Wiskemann u. Huber 2008; Lowe et al. 2010; Speck et al. 2010; Granger et al. 2011; Keogh u. Macleod 2011). Dies ist für die Patienten von Bedeutung, weil eine Zunahme der aeroben Kapazität mit einer Abnahme des berüchtigten Fatigue -Syndroms assoziiert ist, aber auch mit einer Zunahme der Lebensqualität während und nach der onkologischen Therapie (Speck et al. 2010). Die Effektivität des Ausdauertrainings bei onkologischen Patienten wird jedoch durch mehrere Faktoren beeinflusst, z.B. den Zeitpunkt der Durchführung des Ausdauertrainings (während oder nach der onkologischen Therapie), das Krankheitsstadium der Krebserkrankung, die Art und den Schweregrad der onkologischen Behandlung oder den Lebensstil des Patienten (Knols et al. 2005).
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Knols, R. (2012). Ausdauertraining. In: Sport und körperliche Aktivität in der Onkologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25066-8_12
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