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Akutes Nierenversagen und Nierenersatzverfahren

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Die Anästhesiologie

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Zusammenfassung

Das akute Nierenversagen (»acute renal failure«) tritt gehäuft bei Intensivpatienten auf und wird durch eine verminderte Organdurchblutung und eine Vielzahl von Nephrotoxinen bedingt. Die Nierenfunktion hat einen hohen prädiktiven Wert für die Prognose des gesamten Krankheitsverlaufs. Gleichzeitig moduliert die Niere eine Vielzahl von Prozessabläufen im menschlichen Organismus und ist damit an der Pathophysiologie von Krankheitsabläufen beteiligt. Im Rahmen dieser Erkenntnisse wurde der Begriff des »acute renal failure« in der medizinischen Fachliteratur durch »acute kidney injury« (AKI) ersetzt. Der neue Begriff erlaubt die Beschreibung des schrittweisen Versagens der Niere, dessen Therapie neben der Behandlung der Grunderkrankung des Gesamtorganismus die apparative Nierenersatztherapie sowie supportive intensivmedizinische Maßnahmen umfasst.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der LMU München, Standort Großhadern Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München

    Dr. Ines Kaufmann & Prof. Dr. G. Schelling

  2. Institut für Anästhesiologie, Abteilung für Anästhesie und Operative Intensivmedizin, Robert-Weixler-Str. 50, 87439, Kempten

    Prof. Dr. Mathias Haller

Authors
  1. Dr. Ines Kaufmann
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  2. Prof. Dr. Mathias Haller
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  3. Prof. Dr. G. Schelling
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für operative Intensivmedizin und Intermediate Care, Universitätsklinikum Aachen, Medizinische Fakultät der RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen

    Rolf Rossaint

  2. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131, Mainz

    Christian Werner

  3. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Standorte Großhadern und Innenstadt Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, München

    Bernhard Zwißler

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Kaufmann, I., Haller, M., Schelling, G. (2012). Akutes Nierenversagen und Nierenersatzverfahren. In: Rossaint, R., Werner, C., Zwißler, B. (eds) Die Anästhesiologie. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21125-6_84

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21125-6_84

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