Abstract
A short review of the problems which arise in the generalization of the Lifshitz theory of van der Waals force in the case of forces inside dielectric media is presented, together with some historical remarks. General properties of the stress tensor of equilibrium electromagnetic field in media are discussed, and the importance of the conditions of mechanical equilibrium is stressed. The physical meaning of the repulsive van der Waals interaction between bodies immersed in a liquid is discussed.
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References
I use the generic term “van der Waals forces” for long-range forces between neutral objects in any conditions. Thus I do not distinguish between the London, Casimir, Casimir-Polder and Lifshitz forces
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Here and below I put \(k_B=1\). Likewise I put \(\hbar=1\) in intermediate equations. I use the CGSE system of electromagnetic units and for simplicity neglect the magnetic properties of media, i.e., put \(\mu=1\)
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Note added in proofs: After this article was submitted, a preprint by Zheng and Narayanaswamy [24] appeared, where the authors independently developed a method based on the "three-boundary geometry." Their results coincide with our Green's functions approach.
Zheng, Y., Narayanaswamy, A.: Phys. Rev. A. 83, 042504 (2011); e-print arXiv: 1011.5433
Acknowledgment
I thank R.Scott for critical reading of this paper and useful suggestions.
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Pitaevskii, L.P. (2011). On the Problem of van der Waals Forces in Dielectric Media. In: Dalvit, D., Milonni, P., Roberts, D., da Rosa, F. (eds) Casimir Physics. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 834. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20288-9_2
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