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Bud Dormancy and Growth

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Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives

Abstract

Nearly all land plants produce ancillary meristems in the form of axillary or adventitious buds in addition to the shoot apical meristem. Outgrowth of these buds has a significant impact on plant architecture and the ability of plants to compete with neighboring plants, as well as to respond to and survive environmental hardships. Consequently, it is not surprising that plants have developed complex mechanisms for regulating dormancy and growth of apical, axillary, and adventitious buds. Different mechanisms impact bud dormancy as defined by the source of the signals preventing bud growth. Paradormant buds are kept from growing by signals generated in other parts of the plants. Growth of endodormant buds is prevented by signals generated within the bud itself. Extreme environmental conditions that limit growth, but which are not immediately fatal, can induce an ecodormant state within buds. Various plant hormones play an integral part in the development and maintenance of all forms of dormancy. Additionally, environmental conditions can modify the expression of regulatory genes that impact bud growth, physiology, and development to bring about specific dormancy states. This chapter discusses the environmental and developmental signals known to regulate bud growth and dormancy, and presents current hypotheses concerning the molecular mechanisms that regulate dormancy transitions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Station, Biosciences Research Laboratory, 5674, State University Station, Fargo, ND, 58105-5674, USA

    D. Horvath

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  1. D. Horvath
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Correspondence to D. Horvath .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. New Era College, Jalan Bukit, Kajang, 43000, Malaysia

    Eng Chong Pua

  2. Dept. Plant Sciences Division, University of Nottingham, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, United Kingdom

    Michael R. Davey

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Horvath, D. (2010). Bud Dormancy and Growth. In: Pua, E., Davey, M. (eds) Plant Developmental Biology - Biotechnological Perspectives. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02301-9_4

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