Abstract
Traditionally posture deformity assessment for screening purposes is performed by visual examination of patient’s body by an expert. During further follow-up of the diagnosed deformity full spine, X-Ray 2D images are acquired. 3D medical imaging (Computer Tomography and MRI) is used when the spinal surgery is considered. Visual examination is subjective and is strongly dependent on expert knowledge. X-Ray and tomographic imaging exposure can be contraindicated in some cases (i.e. pregnancy). During last two decades, the dynamic development of methods and systems for 3D scanning and algorithms for measurement data analysis is observed. 3D scanning is successfully applied in modern industrial production lines, documentation of cultural heritage and human body analysis. Recently, algorithms for data analysis allow for 100% inspection of complex geometry and have increasing support for control of the technological process parameters on the base of calculated deviation between measurement and assumed 3D model. In this paper, we present an alternative approach for back posture analysis based on structured light 3D scanning. We present three different systems: mobile solution for prescreening of back shape, full body 3D scanner for monitoring of posture deformities and 4D scanner for dynamic analysis. Such a three-stage system fit into the idea of evidence-based medicine. Each of presented devices produces 3D geometry data representing the surface of patient’s body. Each of them has also accompanying software that has been developed for processing of geometry data into a final form that is easily interpreted by medical experts (angles, asymmetries, 3D models, changes in time of analyzed measures, etc.).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Mitchell, H.L., Newton, I.: Medical photogrammetric measurement: overview and prospects. ISPRS J. Photogramm. Remote Sens. 56, 286–294 (2002). Elsevier
Hackenberg, L., Hierholzer, E., Poetzl, W., Goetze, C.H., Liljenqvist, U.: Rasterstereographic back shape analysis in idiopathic scoliosis after anterior correction and fusion. Clin. Biomech. 18, 1–8 (2003). Elsevier, Bristol
Wall, B.F., Hart, D.: Revised radiation doses for typical X-ray examinations. Report on a recent review of doses to patients from medical X-ray examinations in the UK by NRPB. National Radiological Protection Board. Br. J. Radiol. 70(833), 437–439 (1997). BIR, Bristol
Knott, P., Pappo, E., Cameron, M., et al.: SOSORT 2012 consensus paper: reducing x-ray exposure in pediatric patients with scoliosis. Scoliosis 9, 4 (2014). BioMed Central
Pace, N., Ricci, L., Negrini, S.: A comparison approach to explain risks related to X-ray imaging for scoliosis. Scoliosis 8(1), 11 (2013). BioMed Central
Nash, C.L., Gregg, E.C., Brown, R.H., Pillai, K.: Risks of exposure to X-rays in patients undergoing long-term treatment for scoliosis. J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 61(3), 371–374 (1979)
Rigo, M.D., Villagrasa, M., Gallo, D.: A specific scoliosis classification correlating with brace treatment: description and reliability. Scoliosis 5(1), 1 (2010)
Gäbel, H.: Photogrammetric measurement of the human back shape and its relation to the spine. ISPRS Archives, vol. XXIX, part B5, pp. 862–866. ISPRS Archives, Washington (1992)
Takasaki, H.: Moire topography. Appl. Opt. 9(6), 1467–1472 (1970). OSA
Buendia, M., Salvador, R., Cibrian, R., et al.: Determination of the object surface function by structured light: application to the study of spinal deformities. Phys. Med. Biol. 44(1), 75–86 (1999)
Sitnik, R.: Four-dimensional measurement by a single-frame structured light method. Appl. Opt. 48(18), 3344–3354 (2009). OSA
Hill, D.L., Berg, D.C., Raso, V.J., et al.: Evaluation of a laser scanner for surface topography. Stud. Health Technol. Inform. 88, 90–94 (2002)
Drerup, B., Hierholzer, E.: Automatic localization of anatomical landmarks on the back surface and construction of a body-fixed coordinate system. J. Biomech. 20(10), 961–970 (1987)
Drerup, B., Hierholzer, E.: Back shape measurement using video rasterstereography and three-dimensional reconstruction of spinal shape. Clin. Biomech. (Bristol, Avon) 9(1), 28–36 (1994)
Komeili, A., Westover, L.M., Parent, E.C., Moreau, M., El-Rich, M., Adeeb, S.: Surface topography asymmetry maps categorizing external deformity in scoliosis. Spine J. 14(6), 973–983.e2 (2014)
Komeili, A., Westover, L.M., Parent, E.C., Moreau, M., El-Rich, M., Adeeb, S.: Correlation between a novel surface topography asymmetry analysis and radiographic data in scoliosis. Spine Deform. 3(4), 303–311 (2015)
Kowarschik, R., Kühmstedt, P., Schreiber, W.: 3-Coordinate measurements with structured light. In: Jüptner, W., Osten, W. (eds.) Proceedings of the Fringe 1993, pp. 204–208. Akademie Verlag, Berlin (1993)
Sirnivasan, V., Liu, H.C., Halioua, M.: Automated phase measuring profilometry of 3D diffuse objects. Appl. Opt. 23, 3105–3108 (1984)
Sitnik, R., Kujawinska, M., Woznicki, J.: Digital fringe projection system for large-volume 360-deg shape measurement. Opt. Eng. 41, 443–449 (2002)
Lenar, J., Witkowski, M., Carbone, V., Kolk, S., Adamczyk, M., Sitnik, R., van der Krogt, M., Verdonschot, N.: Lower body kinematics evaluation based on a multidirectional four-dimensional structured light measurement. J. Biomed. Opt. 18(5), 056014 (2013)
Ferreira, E.A., Duarte, M., Maldonado, E.P., Bersanetti, A.A., Marques, A.P.: Quantitative assessment of postural alignment in young adults based on photographs of anterior, posterior, and lateral views. J. Manipulative Physiol. Ther. 34(6), 371–380 (2011)
Minguez, M.F., Buendia, M., Cibrian, R.M., Salvador, R., Laguia, M., Martin, A., Gomar, F.: Quantifier variables of the back surface deformity obtained with a noninvasive structured light method: evaluation of their usefulness in idiopathic scoliosis diagnosis. Eur. Spine J. 16(1), 73–82 (2007). Official Publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society
Michoński, J., Glinkowski, W., Witkowski, M., Sitnik, R.: Automatic recognition of surface landmarks of anatomical structures of back and posture. J. Biomed. Opt. 17(5), 0560151–05601514 (2012)
Glinkowski, W., Glinkowska, W., Walesiak, K., Żukowska, A., Michoński, J., Bolewicki, P., Sitnik, R.: Markerless, structured light back surface topography measurement system for posture and scoliosis among children and adolescents aged 5-19 years in selected cities of the Mazovian Voivodeship in mid-north and eastern Poland. In: Book of Abstracts. Lyon, SOSORT, pp. 35–38 (2017)
Acknowledgements
Works described in this article are part of the projects NR13-0020-04/2008, NR13-0109-10/2011, PBS3/B9/43/2015, which has been funded by the National Centre for Research and Development with public money for science and TLEMsafe project, which is funded by European Commission’s 7th Framework Programme.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Sitnik, R., Michoński, J., Glinkowski, W. (2018). Supporting of Postural Deformities Diagnosis Using 3D Scanning. In: Kościelny, J., Syfert, M., Sztyber, A. (eds) Advanced Solutions in Diagnostics and Fault Tolerant Control. DPS 2017. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 635. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64474-5_22
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64474-5_22
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-64473-8
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-64474-5
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)