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Bone Marrow Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease and the Role of Cardiac Imaging in Evaluation of Outcomes

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Imaging in Stem Cell Transplant and Cell-based Therapy

Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

Cell therapy for cardiac repair has gained vigorous momentum over the past two decades. Several different types of cells, including skeletal myoblasts, cardiac stem cells, and bone marrow cells (BMCs) have been used in patients with myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy. A large number of clinical trials of BMC therapy that each enrolled a small number of patients have already been completed. Although results from these trials utilizing diverse cell types injected via different routes in greatly variable numbers have been disparate, findings from the majority of meta-analyses indicate that BMC therapy is beneficial. These results show a modest yet significant improvement in cardiac structural and functional parameters in BMC-treated patients compared with controls. Importantly, subgroup analysis of pooled data shows generally concordant findings with regard to changes in LV structure and function measured by left ventriculogram, echocardiography, SPECT and MRI. However, the selection of imaging technique(s) for cell therapy trials often depends on not only accuracy of data, but also logistics and patient characteristics. Furthermore, besides information gathered by imaging, the effects of cell therapy are also reflected in patient outcomes. Cumulative evidence from meta-analyses also indicates that BMC therapy is associated with improvement in patient survival and other important clinical end-points. The outcomes from ongoing large randomized controlled trials are eagerly awaited at this time for conclusive answers in an emerging and highly promising field.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, 3901 Rainbow Blvd, 1001 Eaton, MS 3006, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA

    Anweshan Samanta M.B.B.S., Muhammad R. Afzal M.B.B.S. & Buddhadeb Dawn M.D.

  2. Midwest Stem Cell Therapy Center, University of Kansas Medical Center and Hospital, Kansas City, KS, USA

    Anweshan Samanta M.B.B.S., Muhammad R. Afzal M.B.B.S. & Buddhadeb Dawn M.D.

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  1. Anweshan Samanta M.B.B.S.
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  2. Muhammad R. Afzal M.B.B.S.
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  3. Buddhadeb Dawn M.D.
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Correspondence to Buddhadeb Dawn M.D. .

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  1. Department of Radiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA

    Tarun Pandey

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Samanta, A., Afzal, M.R., Dawn, B. (2017). Bone Marrow Cell Therapy for Ischemic Heart Disease and the Role of Cardiac Imaging in Evaluation of Outcomes. In: Pandey, T. (eds) Imaging in Stem Cell Transplant and Cell-based Therapy. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51833-6_9

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