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Polylactic Acid-Based Kenaf Biomass Synthesized via Ring Opening Polymerization

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Biomass and Bioenergy

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Abstract

An extensive effort was made by many industries to shrink the usage of petroleum-based product or synthetic fiber owing to raising consciousness in the environmental issues. Realizing this phenomenon, research works on biodegradable polymers from natural fibers and production of eco-friendly products are geared towards replacing the existing petroleum-based products. One of the promising polymers is polylactic acid (PLA) and it has good mechanical and thermal properties like other thermoplastic such as polyolefin. The uniqueness of the current research is that PLA was synthesized in house through polymerization of lactic acid (LA) obtained from a simple fermentation product of kenaf biomass (KB). KB was introduced as the raw material in chemical pretreatment process to liberate glucose which was then used as the carbon sources in microbial fermentation via Lactobacillus rhamnosus to produce lactic acid. Lactic acid produced was purified before being polymerized via ring opening polymerization (ROP) method. The PLA obtained was characterized and analyzed using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), gel permeation chromatography (GPC), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA).

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank Ministry of Education Malaysia for the Exploratory Research Grant Scheme, ERGS12-022-0022, for the financial support and International Islamic University Malaysia for the facilities and equipment in making these studies a success. This chapter is part of the research work carried out by H. Anuar and S.M. Sapuan during their sabbatical leave in 2013–2014. S.M. Sapuan would like to thank Universiti Putra Malaysia and Universiti Malaya for the facilities provided during his sabbatical leave.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia

    S. M. Nurhafizah, H. Anuar & M. N. Nur Aimi

  2. Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, 53100, Malaysia

    M. Mel

  3. Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, UPM Serdang, Selangor, 43400, Malaysia

    S. M. Sapuan

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  1. S. M. Nurhafizah
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  2. H. Anuar
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  3. M. Mel
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  4. S. M. Sapuan
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  5. M. N. Nur Aimi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to H. Anuar .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Khalid Rehman Hakeem

  2. Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Mohammad Jawaid

  3. Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia

    Umer Rashid

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Nurhafizah, S.M., Anuar, H., Mel, M., Sapuan, S.M., Aimi, M.N.N. (2014). Polylactic Acid-Based Kenaf Biomass Synthesized via Ring Opening Polymerization. In: Hakeem, K., Jawaid, M., Rashid, U. (eds) Biomass and Bioenergy. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-07578-5_11

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