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Transport of Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus

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Plant ABC Transporters

Part of the book series: Signaling and Communication in Plants ((SIGCOMM,volume 22))

Abstract

Alkaloids are a large and diverse group of natural compounds that are related by the occurrence of a nitrogen atom within a heterocyclic backbone. Due to their strong and divergent biological activities, some of them are applied for clinical uses. Alkaloids are often highly accumulated in particular sites in plants and are often translocated from source tissue/organ to “sink” tissue/organ. Accordingly the complex development-, environment-, organ-, and cell-specific expression of pathway genes include the trafficking of biosynthetic intermediates between different organelles and also their movement between different cell types. Recently the involvement of ABC transporters in alkaloid translocation has been documented thus beginning an interesting new phase in the description of the biochemical components that are required for alkaloid biosynthesis. The identification of these alkaloid transporters is helping to better understand how intra- and inter-cellular compartmentation play important roles in the production/accumulation of alkaloids and supplies new approaches for engineering alkaloid production by manipulating pathway intermediate transport. As an important medicinal plant, Catharanthus roseus remains the only source of the anticancer drugs vinblastine and vincristine where it accumulates at very low levels, even if their catharanthine- and vindoline-building blocks are much more abundant. The in planta biosynthesis of these compounds is very complex involving several different organelles and cell types. Recently, a new ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter, CrTPT2, has been identified that controls catharanthine secretion to leaf surface from leaf epidermis where catharanthine biosynthesis occurs. In this review, we discuss intra- and intercellular compartmentation of the monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) pathway in Catharanthus roseus and TPT2 transporter families possibly involved in MIA secretion in all MIA active plant species.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the funding support by a Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grant (to V.D.L.), an NSERC/Binational Agricultural Research and Development Fund/Agriculture Canada team grant, Canada Research Chairs (V.D.L.), Genome Canada, Genome Alberta, Genome Prairie, Genome British Columbia, the Canada Foundation for Innovation, the Ontario Ministry of Research and Innovation, the National Research Council of Canada, and other government and private-sector partners.

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  1. Department of Biological Sciences, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St Catharines, ON, Canada, L2S 3A1

    Fang Yu & Vincenzo De Luca

  2. School of Biological Engineering, Dalian Polytechnic University, #1 Qinggongyuan, Dalian, Liaoning, 116034, China

    Fang Yu

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Correspondence to Fang Yu or Vincenzo De Luca .

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  1. Plant Biology, University of Fribourg Department of Biology, Fribourg, Switzerland

    Markus Geisler

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Yu, F., De Luca, V. (2014). Transport of Monoterpenoid Indole Alkaloids in Catharanthus roseus . In: Geisler, M. (eds) Plant ABC Transporters. Signaling and Communication in Plants, vol 22. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-06511-3_5

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